tb meds Flashcards
isoniazid (INH) MOA
disrupts cell wall synthesis essential functions of mycobacteria
first line treatment
side effects of isoniazid
peripheral neuropathy
hepatotoxicity
optic neuritis/visual disturbances
hyperglycemia
black box warning for isoniazid
increased risk of hepatitis –> often given with pyridoxin (vitamin b6)
Nursing considerations for isoniazid
avoid antacids –> reduce drug absorption
when given with rifampin can increase CNS and hepatotoxicity
MOA of rifampin
inhibits protein synthesis via attacking the hydrocarbon ring structure
(first line)
side effects of rifampin
hepatitis, hematologic disorders, red-brown discoloration of urine and other body fluids
nursing consideration of rifampin
decreases effects of beta blockers, benzos, cyclosporins, anticoags, antidiabetics, phenytoin, theophylline –> PHARMACY/HCP NEEDS TO KNOW
ethambutol MOA
diffusing into the mycobacteria and suppresses RNA synthesis, which inhibits protein synthesis
side effects of ethambutol
retrobulbar neuritis, blindness
nursing considerations for ethambutol
usually used in combo with INH and rifampin
not for children less than 13
what is pyrazinamide used for
bacteriostatic or bactericidal depending on drug concentration
side effects of pyrazinamide
hepatotoxicity
hyperuricemia
nursing considerations for pyrazinamide
contraindicated in severe hepatic disease of acute gout
not for pregnant people in US
what was the very first TB drug
streptomycin
MOA of streptomycin
aminoglycoside- interfering with normal protein synthesis causing production of faulty proteins within bacteria
