Anemia/polycythemia Flashcards
what happens in sickle cell disease
abnormal hgb
-abnormal shapes and shorter life span
-harder for oxygen to bind
why is iron deficiency a problem
bc iron is essential to normal hemoglobin production
what is needed to make hemoglobin
iron
iron is absorbed in_____ but stored in the ______
iron is absorbed in the DUODENUM but stored in the LIVER
s/s of iron deficiency anemia
brittle hair and nails
koilonychia - spoon shaped nails
smooth tongue
mouth sores
dysphagia
PICA - (EX. chewing on ice)
S/S of vitamin B12 deficiency
normal signs of anemia - fatigue, exercise intolerance, weakness, tachycardia, dyspnea, glossitis
neurological - depression, paranoia, confusion, anger/irritability, balance issues, gait issues, memory loss
what is thalassemia
absent or decreased production of normal hemoglobin
what is acquired hemolytic anemia
premature destruction of RBCs caused by some external agen
common causes of acquired hemolytic anemia
autoimmune attack
blood incompatibilities
drug reactions
s/s of hemolytic anemia
low hemoglobin
increased reticulocyte count
jaundice
hemoglobinuria
definition of polycythemia
decreased in plasma volume which elevates Hgb, Hct, and RBC
what can cause polycythemia
severe dehydration
smoking
what is polycythemia vera
a single stem cell mutates into a cell that overproduces all blood cells
clinical manifestations of polycythemia vera
h/a, fatigue, weight loss, dyspnea
hypertension
clotting problems
ruddy color
