Anemia Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

what drug is in the erythropoiesis stimulating agent class

A

epoetin alfa

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2
Q

MOA of epoetin alfa

A

mimics human erythropoietin

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3
Q

what does erythropoietin do

A

stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow

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4
Q

who do you give epoetin alfa to

A

chronic kidney failure
HIV infection on drug therapy
anemia 2° chemotherapy in certain cancers
pre-operative in patients with anemia

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5
Q

when considering epoetin alfa, what is the hgb you will not give it to

A

if someone’s hgb is >10 DO NOT GIVE

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6
Q

Nursing considerations for epoetin alfa

A

weigh the risks versus benefits

  • use lowest dose possible to reduce the need to transfuse
  • monitor BP before and during therapy
  • monitor hgb levels
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7
Q

In a chronic kidney patient what can epoetin alfa cause

A

increased mortality and serious cardiovascular events

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8
Q

in cancer patients what can epoetin alfa cause

A

increased mortality and turmor progression

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9
Q

in surgery patients what can epoetin cause

A

increased thromboembolic events and mortality

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10
Q

what drug is in the iron therapy class

A

ferrous sulfate

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11
Q

indications for ferrous sulfate

A

iron deficiency/prevention

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12
Q

moa of ferrous sulfate

A

taken up by bone marrow cells to make hemoglobin

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13
Q

adverse effects of ferrous sulfate

A

GI disturbances
teeth staining
tarry stools

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14
Q

Nursing considerations for iron therapy

A

antacids reduce absorption
food helps prevent GI side effects
food decreases absorption by 50-70%

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15
Q

what drug is a parenteral iron

A

iron dextran

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16
Q

indications for iron dextran

A

clear diagnosis of iron deficiency

oral iron is intolerable or ineffective

17
Q

adverse effects of iron dextran

A

BLACK BOX: potentially fatal anaphylaxis

18
Q

safety implications for iron dextran

A

only use when absolutely necessary
epinephrine and CPR equipment
small “test” dose before each full dose

19
Q

disadvantages of giving iron dextran IM

A

persistent pain
discoloration
tumors
risk of anaphylaxis

20
Q

vitamin b12 drug

A

cyanocobalamin

21
Q

indication for cyanocobalamin

A

B12 deficiency

22
Q

adverse effects of cyanocobalamin

A

hypokalemia

23
Q

why do you have to use caution when taking folic acid and cyanocobalamin

A

b/c folic acid can fix anemia but we are masking B12 deficiency still exsits, hurting neurologic system
WHEN TAKING BOTH make sure patient is on high enough dose of b12

24
Q

Folic acid MOA

A

converts to the active form of folic acid after administration

25
Q

indications for folic acid

A

treatment of folic acid deficiency anemia
prophylaxis of folate deficiency
initial treatment of severe anemia from vitamin b12 deficiency

26
Q

adverse effects of folic acid

A

none