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Gen Pharm > TB Medications, Antivirals, Antifungals, Antiparasitics > Flashcards

TB Medications, Antivirals, Antifungals, Antiparasitics Flashcards

1
Q

RIFAMPIN

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. TB monotherapy
  2. Prevents mRNA synthesis by binding to the beta subunit of RNA polymerase

3.Hepatotoxicity (^AST and ALT)
Orange/pink urine and tears

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2
Q

ISONIAZID

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. TB monotherapy
  2. Prevents cell wall synthesis by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis
  3. Hepatotoxicity (^AST and ALT)
    Vitamin B6 deficiency
    Optic neuritis
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3
Q

ETHAMBUTOL

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. TB
  2. Inhibits synthesis of the mycobacterial cell wall by inhibiting arabinosyl transferase
  3. Bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis
    R/G defect
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4
Q

OSELTAMIVIR

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Influenza A or B
  2. Inhibits viral neuraminidase to prevent spread of virus
  3. N/A
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5
Q

ZIDOVUDINE, LAMIVUDINE

Emtricitabine + Tenofovir + Efavirenz = ATRIPLA

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. HIV
  2. Potent inhibitors of viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase)
  3. Macular edema
    Bone marrow suppression
    Lactic acidosis
    Muscle breakdown
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6
Q

RIBAVIRIN

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Hepatitis C
  2. Inhibits viral RNA polymerase
  3. Conjunctivitis
    Retinopathy
    (RIBAViriN)
  4. Always used in combo with an interferon
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7
Q

TRIFLURIDINE

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Herpes simplex keratitis
  2. Inhibits DNA polymerase - topical
  3. Toxic SPK (Thimersol preservative)
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8
Q

ACYCLOVIR, VALACYCLOVIR, FAMCYCLOVIR

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Herpes - cold/genital sores, shingles, HZO
  2. Inhibits DNA polymerase - oral
  3. Headaches and GI effects
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9
Q

GANCICLOVIR

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Herpes - SOC for HSV keratitis
    CMV retinitis (#1 opportunistic infection in patients w AIDS)
  2. Inhibits DNA polymerase
  3. Blurry vision
    Ocular irritation
  4. Better dosage and less toxicity than Trifluridine, preserved with BAK instead of Thimersol
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10
Q

FOSCARNET

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. CMV retinitis when ganciclovir fails
  2. inhibits DNA polymerase
  3. Nephrotoxicity and seizures
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11
Q

NATAMYCIN

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Fungal blepharitis
    Conjunctivitis
    Keratitis caused by candida, aspergillus, or fusarium
  2. Forms pores within ergosterol in fungal cell membrane allowing contents to leak out causing cell death
  3. N/A
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12
Q

AMPHOTERICIN B

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Fungal keratitis
    Systemic fungal infections
  2. Forms pores within ergosterol in fungal cell membrane allowing contents to leak out causing cell death
  3. Nephrotoxicity (IV treatment)
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13
Q

NYSTATIN

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Candida oral thrush
    Vaginal yeast infections
  2. Forms pores within ergosterol in fungal cell membrane allowing contents to leak out causing cell death
  3. N/A
  4. Not indicated for ophthalmic use
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14
Q

KETOCONAZOLE, FLUCONAZOLE, MICONAZOLE, CLOTRIMAZOLE, VORICONAZOLE

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Severe fungal corneal ulcers
    Systemic fungal infections
    Acanthamoeba
  2. Inhibit ergosterol synthesis
  3. Hepatotoxicity
  4. Fluconazole: Increasing resistance and ineffectiveness against agents that cause endophthalmitis
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15
Q

GRISEOFULVIN

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Infections of the scalp and skin, fingernails, and toenails
  2. Inhibits fungal mitosis
  3. N/A
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16
Q

ALBENDAZOLE

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Pork and dog tapeworm infections
  2. Inhibits tubulin polymerization of tapeworm cells
  3. N/A
17
Q

CHLOROQUINE

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Anti-malaria
    Decreases inflammation
  2. Buildup of heme in red blood cells which is toxic to Plasmodium parasite
    Inhibits phospholipase A
  3. Bullseye maculopathy (RPE mottling)
    Reversible whorl keratopathy
  4. Increased risk of bullseye maculopathy:
    -Dosage >3mg/kg of ideal body weight
    -Tx duration >5 years
    -Abnormal renal function
    -High body fat
    -Age >60
    -Liver disease
    -Retinal disease

Most common VF defect: central/paracentral scotoma

18
Q

LINDANE

  1. Indications
  2. MOA
  3. SEs and contraindications
  4. Other
A
  1. Lice and scabies
  2. Lipophilic structure absorbed through the exoskeleton of insects = seizures and death
  3. Conjunctivitis with shampoo treatment

Gen Pharm (17 decks)

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