TB Flashcards
What are the 2 most common bacteria that causes TB
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and myobacterium bovis
how is TB spread
through airborne droplets
what is primary TB
initial infection and inflammation
what is secondary/ reactivated TB
reinfection from latent disease, can cause fibrosis and cavitating apical legion
what can cause reactivation
HIV, immunosuppressed, age
what is latent TB
after infection body retains antigen, it cant be spread but can become reactivated
what is miliary TB
spread to blood
what are some symptoms of TB
persistent productive cough +/- haemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain, hoarseness, upper zone crackles, fever
what are is the pathology TB
IV hypersensitivity, granulomas and caseating necrosis (gohn focus)
what are the investigations for TB
blood test + PCR, ZN stain, bloods, CXR/ CT, sputum
what are the 4 main drugs in TB
RIPE (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
for normal TB what is the treatment
2 months of RIPE, then 4 more of RI
for TB affecting the CNS
2 months RIPE, 10 months RI
for latent TB
6 months Isoniazid or 3 months RI
what may anti-TNF do
reactivate latent TB
