arterial blood gasses

Question 1

what is the main equation in the buffering of H+

Answer 1

CO2 + H2O H2CO3 HCO3 + H+

Question 2

what is acidosis

Answer 2

a process causing increased H+ conc (decreases pH)

Question 3

what is alkalosis

Answer 3

a process causing decreases H conc (increases pH)

Question 4

what is acidaemia

Answer 4

high levels of H+ in the blood (blood is acidic)

Question 5

what is alkalaemia

Answer 5

low levels of H+ in the blood (blood is alkaline)

Question 6

in respiratory problems, what is the primary change

Answer 6

CO2

Question 7

in metabolic problems, what is the primary change

Answer 7

HCO3

Question 8

increased CO2 retention leads to what

Answer 8

increased H+, resp acidosis

Question 9

decreased CO2 in blood leads to what

Answer 9

decreased H+, resp alkalosis

Question 10

increased HCO3 leads to what

Answer 10

decreased H+, met alkalosis

Question 11

decreased HCO3 leads to what

Answer 11

increased H+, met acidosis

Question 12

what is compensatory mechanisms

Answer 12

body starts to try to return to normal pH by altering CO2 and HCO3

Question 13

when there is too much acid what happens

Answer 13

compensatory Co2 blown off

Question 14

what would a high H+, low HCO3 and low CO2 show

Answer 14

partially compensated metabolic acidosis

Question 15

what would a high H+, high CO2 and high HCO3 show

Answer 15

partially compensated respiratory acidosis

Question 16

what would a low H+, high CO2 and high HCO3 show

Answer 16

partially compensated metabolic alkalosis

Question 17

what would a low H+, low CO2 and low HCO3 show

Answer 17

partially compensated respiratory alkalosis

Question 18

what can cause resp acidosis (increased CO2)

Answer 18

chocking, bronchopneumonia, COAD

Question 19

what can cause resp alkalosis (decreased CO2)

Answer 19

hysterical over-breathing, ventilation, raised intra-cranial pressure

Question 20

what can cause met acidosis (increased H)

Answer 20

impaired H+ excretion, increased H [production, loss of HCO3

Question 21

what can cause met alkalosis (decreased H+)

Answer 21

loss of H in vomit, alkali ingestion, potassium deficiency