PE and DVT

Question 1

what is a DVT

Answer 1

clot in a vein (usually legs)

Question 2

what is a PE

Answer 2

clot has dislodged and is in one the the pulmonary artery

Question 3

what are the competents of virchaw’s triad that can lead to DVT

Answer 3

damage to epithelium, highly coagulable blood, stasis

Question 4

are distal or proximal veins more likely to form clots

Answer 4

proximal

Question 5

what are the symptoms of a PE

Answer 5

sudden SOB, sharp chest pain, tachypnoea, fever, haemoptysis. swollen legs

Question 6

what is the gold standard for PE (and some others)

Answer 6

CT pulmonary angiography, (ABG - resp alk, D-dimer), PESI

Question 7

what does d-dimer show

Answer 7

if D-Dimer is not raised is NOT a PE. if raised could be but could also be somethig else

Question 8

what is the treatment for PE

Answer 8

anticoag eg LW warafin + heparin, IV Vit C

Question 9

what is the treatment for a massive PE

Answer 9

thrombolysis

Question 10

what can increase risks of DVT

Answer 10

age, long flights, obesity, oral pill

Question 11

whats the investigations for a DVT

Answer 11

USS and CT