cancer Flashcards
what are the main symptoms of lung cancer
cough >3 weeks, haemoptysis, SOB, hoarse voice (recurrent laryngeal nerve), chest pain, weak arms, finger clubbing, hypercalceamia
what is Horner’s syndome
causes sweating in one side of the face, droopy eyelids and constricted pupils and can indicate a lung tumour
what are the investigations
CT first, then PET, then Xray
what are the main metastases sites of lung cancer
bone, adrenal gland, brain,, liver
what are the 4 most common type of lung cancer
small cell (SCLC), large cell (NSCLC), squamous (NSCLC), adenocarcinoma (NSCLC)
which cancers have the best and worse prognosis
small cell = worst, adenocarcinoma = best
which cancer is most common in non smokers
adenocarcinoma
what cancer is most common in smokers
squamous
which type(s) of cancer express TTF1
small cell and adenocarcinoma
what type(s) of cancer express p63 and high intermolecular cytokeratins
squamous
what oncogenes do you target in SCLC
myc
what oncogenes do you target in NSCLC
myc, k-ras and EFGR
what is inhibited in NSCLC
T-lymphocytes by PD-L1
for what cancer(s) is chemo the best option and why
small cell - rapid growth
for what cancer(s) is surgery the best option
(NSCLC)
