Taste And Smell

Question 1

5 basic tastes

Answer 1

Salty
Sour
Sweet
Bitter
Umami

Question 2

Paplillae

Answer 2

Small studs that increase surface area

Three kinds: circumvallate, foliate, fungiform

Question 3

Taste buds

Answer 3

Embedded in papillae extend microfilming into pore

Question 4

Salty

Answer 4

Sodium ions enter taste cells via sodium channels causing depolarization

TRPV1 sensor

Question 5

Sour

Answer 5

Acids release H+ ions perceived as sour

Question 6

Sweet

Answer 6

Detected by heterodimer, T1R2, T1R3

Activated secondary messengers within the cell

Question 7

Bitter

Answer 7

T2R receptors

High sensitivity to bitterness evolved to detect poison

Question 8

Umami

Answer 8

Metabotropic glutamate receptors

Detected by combo of T1R1 and T1R3receptors

Question 9

Gustatory Pathway

Answer 9

Tongue-Brainstem nuclei- thalamus- somatosensory cortex

Question 10

Olfaction

Answer 10

Sense of smell

Question 11

Olfactory Epithelium

Answer 11

Three kinds of cells

1) Supporting
2) Basal Cells
3) Receptor Neurons

Question 12

Olfactory Neurons

Answer 12

Have diverse subtypes and each extend into olfactory bulb

Each terminates onto specific glomerulus which receives info from specific odor

Question 13

Glomeruli

Answer 13

Organized like a map adjacent glomeruli receive input from receptors that are closely related

Question 14

Vomeronasal System

Answer 14

Detects pheromones which are secreted door signals