Depression

Question 1

Depression

Answer 1

Heterogenous disorder
Most prevalent mood disorder
Symptoms: loss of interest or pleasure, reduced energy, changes in appetite, difficulty concentrating

Question 2

Heterogenous disorder

Answer 2

Unipolar Depression: periods of depression alternate with normal emotional states
Bipolar Depression: periods of depression alternating with mania

Question 3

Melancholic Depression

Answer 3

Insomnia, decreased appetite, anhedonia, sense of doom, helplessness
Synonymous with OCD, Panic Disorders, and hyperthyroidism

Question 4

Atypical Depression

Answer 4

Excessive sleepiness, increased appetite, fatigue, rejection sensitivity
Synonymous with PTSD, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, heart disease

Question 5

Stress and Depression

Answer 5

Depressed people have difficulties regulating stress hormones

Question 6

Amygdala-PFC interaction

Answer 6

Amygdala is hyperactive in melancholic depression

PFC is hyperactive in atypical depression

Question 7

Monoamine Hypothesis

Answer 7

Drugs that deplete monoamines can induce depression

Antidepressants increase monoamine concentrations

Question 8

SSRI’s

Answer 8

Block serotonin reuptake
Increase hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotrophic expression
Enhanced synaptic plasticity

Question 9

Endocannabanoids

Answer 9

ECB’s constrain HPA axis activation
CB1 knock out mice exhibit same symptoms as MDD
ECB’s promote neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and plasticity