T4D1

Question 1

Define Adolescence

Answer 1

A time of evaluation, decision making and finding a place in the world

Question 2

For adolescents to reach their full potential they need what

Answer 2

opportunities and long-term support from adults who care about them

Question 3

7 factors of puberty in males in order

Answer 3

Penis and testicle growth
Pubic hair
Voice change
First ejaculation
Growth in height & weight
Armpit hair
Facial hair

Question 4

6 factors of puberty in females in order

Answer 4

Growth in height and widening of the hips
Breast growth
Pubic hair
Armpit hair
Menarche (9-15)
ovulation

Question 5

Definition and timeframe for menarche

Answer 5

Girl’s first menstruation (9-15). Ovulation 1-2 years later

Question 6

Definition and timeframe for spermarche

Answer 6

Boy’s first ejaculation with live sperm (15). Ejaculation without sperm around 13-14

Question 7

Secular trend in puberty

Answer 7

The declining age of menarche

Question 8

5 Influences on timing of menarche

Answer 8

Stress
Nutrition
Genetics
Body weight

Question 9

How does body weight influence timing of menarche

Answer 9

Fat produces the hormone Leptin which triggers menarche

Question 10

How does genetics influence timing of menarche

Answer 10

Timing of mother can predict timing for daughters

Question 11

How does stress influence timing of menarche

Answer 11

Early menarche under extreme stressful circumstances (leaving a ‘hostile nest’)

Question 12

How does nutrition influence timing of menarche

Answer 12

Certain chemicals in foods have been linked to problems in sexual differentiation and timing of menarche

Question 13

What does Developmental cognitive neuroscience study related to the brain and adolescence

Answer 13

Study of connections between development, brain and cognitive processes

Question 14

What does Developmental social neuroscience study related to the brain and adolescence

Answer 14

Study of connections between development, brain and socioemotional processes

Question 15

Limbic System influence on brain and adolescence

Answer 15

Emotions and experience of rewards. Matured at beginning of adolescence

Question 16

Prefrontal Cortex influence on brain and adolescence

Answer 16

Self-control, planning and reasoning. Matured around age 18-25

Question 17

Adolescents have very strong emotions and what

Answer 17

Adolescents have very strong emotions and no skills to control them

Question 18

Adolescence is the bridge between what

Answer 18

the asexual child and the sexual adult. They need to incorporate sexuality into their identity

Sexuality is a normal part of adolescent development

Question 19

Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (2012)
12,000 adolescents

Average age of first sexual experience

Answer 19

16

Question 20

Define Abstinence programs

Answer 20

teach abstinence only

Question 21

Define comprehensive programs

Answer 21

teach abstinence and contraception

Question 22

Comprehensive programs have been proven what

Answer 22

NOT to increase sexual activity and to reduce the risk of teenage pregnancy and STI’s

Question 23

10 risk factors for smoking and drinking by adolescents

Answer 23

• chaotic home environment
• ineffective parenting
• little mutual attachments and nurturing
• inappropriate, shy, or aggressive classroom behavior
• academic failure
• low academic aspirations
• poor social coping skills
• affiliations with peers
• perceived external approval of drug use
• parental substance abuse or mental illness

Question 24

6 protective factors against smoking and drinking by adolescents

Answer 24

• strong family bonds
• parental engagement in child’s life
• clear parental expectations and consequences
• academic success
• strong bonds with pro-social influences
• conventional norms about drugs and alcohol

Question 25

Risk factors and treatment for Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 25

Problems in family
Functioning
(perfectionism)

Treatment:
Family therapy

Question 26

Risk factors for Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 26

Problems controlling
Emotions (emotional
eating)

Treatment:
Cognitive therapy, teaches not to cope with food, think before eating/purging

Question 27

Discuss Piaget’s

Formal Operational Stage

Answer 27

Starts at age 12 and continues through adulthood.

• Hypothetical-deductive problem solving
• Thinking about own thoughts
• Idealism and fantasy about the future. “What if..?”

Question 28

Define David Elkind

Adolescence Egocentrism

Answer 28

High self-consciousness, very sensitivity to what other people think of them

Question 29

David Elkind Adolescence Egocentrism, define Imaginary audience

Answer 29

The young teenager’s belief that everybody is watching everything they do

Question 30

David Elkind Adolescence Egocentrism, define Personal Fable

Answer 30

Young teenagers feel they are invincible (‘it cannot happen to me’) and that their life is completely unique, “other people crash their cars, not me”

Question 31

The evolutionary standpoint on the teenage mind

Answer 31

Emotional engine in high-gear makes risk-taking tendencies to propel them into the world. Passion to be with peers is vital to leaving parents. Unique qualities of adolescent mind enables them to make leap into world.

Question 32

Summary of video on Mappiness

Answer 32

Measures emotions, Phone app beeps twice a day to measure happiness, 32,500 people signed up, determined that “blue monday” was a myth

Question 33

Summary of class survey on sex

Answer 33

People’s beliefs and age of first sex experience differ

Question 34

Summary of poll on if teens are entitled to privacy

Answer 34

slightly more said yes, entitled to privacy

Question 35

Four parts of study on teens and alcohol

Answer 35

• negative effects of alcohol use
• support, supervision, communication, and attachment of family
• parent’s behavior with alcohol
• resisting peer pressure