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Maternal Newborn-MJ > T4-Advanced Organizer Part 2 > Flashcards

T4-Advanced Organizer Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What could make a pt susceptible to toxoplasmosis?

A
  • eating raw or undercooked meat
  • coming in contact with contaminated soil
  • infected animal (Cat) feces
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2
Q

Why may a pt need an RPR test?

A

testing for syphilis

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3
Q

What is the test for syphilis?

A

RPR test

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4
Q

When does an RPR test occur?

Why?

A

(test for Syphilis)

  • all women at prenatal visit
  • high risk at 3rd trimester and at L&D suite
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5
Q

What will occur if mom has positive RPR test at delivery?

A

(positive for syphilis)

  • will transmit across placenta at 18 weeks gestation
  • congenital anomalies/congenital syphilis can occur
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6
Q

How can congenital syphilis be tested?

A

Test cord blood

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7
Q

What is HSV2?

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

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8
Q

What may be needed prior to birth if a mother has HSV2??

When?

A

Prophylactic Acyclovir at 36 weeks

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9
Q

Why is acyclovir used prophylactically in HSV2?

A

decreases viral shedding during delivery

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10
Q

When may a c section be needed with HSV2?

A

if lesions are present

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11
Q

What kind of fetal monitoring needs to be used if the mom is positive for HSV2?

A

external!!!

Internal monitoring increases risk of infection of fetus

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12
Q

Medications needed for HIV positive pregnant woman?

A
  • Zidovudine orally beginning at 14 weeks gestation

- admin. IV during labor

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13
Q

What meds will the neonate be given if mom was HIV positive?

A

administer drug for for 6 weeks total (book)

billings says at 6 week checkup… but idk

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14
Q

What are the goals to protect a fetus of an HIV positive mom?

A

prevent opportunistic infections:

-avoid procedures that increase the risk of perinatal transmission

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15
Q

What procedures could increase the risk of an infant contracting a disease from the mother in utero?

A
  • amniocentesis

- internal fetal monitoring (electrodes on fetal scalp break fetal skin barrier)

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16
Q

What needs to be AVOIDED at delivery when a pregnant mother is HIV positive?

A

-no internal monitoring
-no episiotomies (lesa maternal blood around birth canal)
-MINIMIZED neonatal
exposure to maternal blood
-NO PITOCIN (strong contractions can cause vaginal tears

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17
Q

What meds given during labor of HIV positive mom?

A

IV Zidovudine

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18
Q

HIV and breastfeeding?

A

NO breastfeeding

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19
Q

PP for mom post-delivery that is HIV positive?

A
  • protective isolation if immunosuppresed
  • NO BREASTFEEDING
  • monitor for INFECTION
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20
Q

What is most important for PP for neonate born from HIV positive mom?

A

BATH BABY prior to invasive procedures

Vit K, heel sticks, venipuncture

21
Q

What is the most accurate test of neonate to determine HIV status?

A

HIV-1 DNA PCR assay

performed on neonatal blood, NO CORD BLOOD

22
Q

When does Hep B testing occur?

A

-all pregnant women at first prenatal visit

at risk:

  • 3rd trimester
  • upon entering L&D suite
23
Q

What it the main effect of a pregnant woman having Hep B on the fetus?

A

premature birth

24
Q

What is Hep B?

A

Infection of the liver–can be fatal

25
Q

Can Hep B be prevented?

A

YES!!!

-get Hep B vaccine (can get within 14 days of exposure to prevent infection)

26
Q

Can a Hep B vaccination hurt the fetus?

A

NO!!

not known to hurt the fetus

27
Q

Treatment for Hep B infection?

A

No specific treatment

-recovery is spontaneous in 3 to 16 weeks

28
Q

What should a women who has contracted the Hep B virus do?

A

(no treatment)

-increase rest periods
-eat high protein, low fat
-increase fluid intake
avoid ETOH

29
Q

What is the pregnant patient who uses COCAINE at risk for?

A

placental abruption

30
Q

What does alcohol use by a pregnant woman cause?

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

31
Q

3 categories r/t fetal alcohol syndrome?

A
  1. prenatal/postnatal growth restriction
  2. CNS malfunction
  3. Craniofacial features
32
Q

What craniofacial features may occur due to fetal alcohol syndrome?

A
  • microcephaly
  • small eyes/short palpebral fissures
  • thing upper lip
  • flat midface
  • indistinct philtrum
33
Q

Nicotine is a _________.

A

DRUG!!

34
Q

Why is nicotine a drug?

A

stimulant drug that is found in tobacco

-addictive substance that creates physiological and psychological dependence

35
Q

What is an amniocentesis?

A

Procedure in which a needle is inserted through the abdominal and uterine walls under ultrasound guidance into the amniotic fluid; some fluid is withdrawn

36
Q

Why get an amniocentesis?

A

Used for assessment of fetal health and maturity

-may use to check for malformations. genetics issues

37
Q

What us am amniotomy?

A

Artificial rupture of membranes, using a plastic amnihook or surgical clamp

38
Q

How is a AROM performed?

A

via amniotomy

39
Q

What is an amnioinfusion?

A

Infusion of room-temp isotonic fluid (usually NS or LR) into the uterine cavity if the volume of AF is low, in an attempt to increase the fluid around the umbilical cord

40
Q

Why perform an amnioinfusion?

A

prevent compression during uterine contractions

41
Q

When is an amniocentesis performed?

A

after 14 weeks gestation

42
Q

Why would an amniocentesis be performed EARLY in the pregnancy?

A

to detect chromosomal abnormalities

43
Q

Why would an amniocentesis be performed LATE in the pregnancy?

A

to determine fetal lung maturity with L/S ratio to detect the amount of surfactant production in fetal lungs

44
Q

What is an AFP useful for?

A

Prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders or congenital anomalies

NTD in particular

45
Q

What is L/S ratio important for?

A

Assessment of pulmonary maturity

46
Q

What is in the amnio fluid?

Why important?

A

fetal cells!! (hair, skin, etc)

-allows for genetic testing

47
Q

How does the amnio fluid need to be handles immediately after obtaining for testing?

A

Brown bag!!

Keep away form light source and transport in brown bag until it gets to the lab

48
Q

How is amniocentesis performed?

When?

A

Done after 14 weeks

Needed inserted into uterus, AF withdrawn with syringe

49
Q

Why wait until after 14 weeks for amniocentesis?

A

Uterus is ABOVE symphysis pubis and fluid amounts are adequate

Maternal Newborn-MJ (29 decks)

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