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Maternal Newborn-MJ > T2-Process of Labor and Birth > Flashcards

T2-Process of Labor and Birth Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5Ps?

A 
Passenger
Passageway
Powers
Position of the mother
Psychologic response
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2
Q

The part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor. The presenting part is the part of the fetus that lies closet to the internal os of the cervix

A

Fetal presentation

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of fetal presentations?

What are the 4 types of presenting parts?

A

Fetal presentations:

  • Cephalic (vertix)
  • Breech
  • Shoulder

Presenting parts:

  • Occiput
  • Mentum
  • Sacrum
  • Scapula
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4
Q

What presentation has to be delivered C-section?

A

Shoulder presentation

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5
Q

The relation of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother

A

Fetal lie

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6
Q

What are the two types of fetal lies?

A

Longitudinal (vertical)

Transverse

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7
Q

What type of fetal lie has to be delivered C-section?

A

Transverse

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8
Q

The relation of the fetal body parts to one another

A

Fetal attitude

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9
Q

What is the most common type of relationship (attitude)?

A

General flexion

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10
Q

The relationship of a reference point on the presenting part to the 4 quadrants of the mothers pelvis

A

Fetal position

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11
Q

The relationship of the presenting part to an imaginary line drawn between the maternal ischial spines and is a measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal; measured in cm

A

Station

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12
Q

Term used to indicate that the largest transverse diameter of the presenting part (usually BPD) has passed through the maternal pelvic brim or inlet into the true pelvis and usually corresponds to station 0

A

Engagement

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13
Q

What are the 4 pelvic shapes?

A

Gynecoid
Android
Anthropoid
Platypelloid

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14
Q

What is the most favorable pelvis for birth?

A

Gynecoid

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15
Q

What do the primary powers signal?

A

Beginning of labor

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16
Q

What do the primary powers cause?

A

Effacement and dilation of the uterine cervix

17
Q

Shortening and thinning of the cervix during the first stage of labor

A

Effacement

18
Q

____ usually precedes _____ in the nulliparous woman

A

Effacement usually precedes dilation in the nulliparous woman

19
Q

The enlargement or widening of the cervical opening and the cervical canal that occurs once labor has begin;

A

Dilation

20
Q

Secondary powers: Once te cervix has dilated, voluntary, _______ efforts augment the force of involuntary contractions

A

Bearing down

21
Q

Which part of the uterus is the one exerting the force of the contraction: lower or upper?

A

Upper uterine segment

22
Q

Maternal urge to bear down

A

Ferguson reflex

23
Q

What are the premonitory signs of impending labor? (8)

A
  • Stronger braxton hicks
  • Lightening
  • Backache
  • Increased energy
  • Ripening of cervix
  • Mucus plug expelled
  • Bloody show
  • Others: Weight loss (1-3.5 lbs), sometimes NVD and indigestion; possible ROM
24
Q

What stage of labor?

Lasts from onset of UC to full effacement and dilation

A

Stage 1

25
Q

Stage 1: Latent phase

More progress in ______ of cervix and little increase in _____; UC gradually increase

A

More progress in effacement; little increase in descent

26
Q

Stage 1: Active phase

(Rapid or slow) dilation of the cervix and (increase or decreased) rate of descent of presenting part; UC gradually increase

A

Rapid dilation of cervix and increased rate of descent of presenting part

27
Q

Stage 1: Transition phase

Rapid dilation of the cervix and increased rate of the presenting part; strongest contractions; What is cervix like? Effacement?

A

Cervix: 7-10 cm
Effacement: Almost complete

28
Q

Stage 2 of labor lasts from the time the ______ to the _____

A

Cervix is fully dilated to the birth of the fetus

29
Q

Stage 3 of labor is from _____ to _____

A

Birth of fetus till placenta is delivered

30
Q

What are the signs of placenta separation?

A
  • Cord lengthens
  • Uterus changes shape to globular
  • Gush of blood from vagina
31
Q

What is stage 4 of labor?

A

Delivery of placenta to at least the first 2 hours after birth

32
Q

What are the 7 cardinal movements?

A 
Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal rotation
Extension
External rotation (restitution)
Birth by expulsion
33
Q

What are 4 factors that affect fetal circulation during labor?

A

Maternal position
Uterine contractions
Maternal BP
Umbilical cord blood flow

Maternal Newborn-MJ (29 decks)

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