Common risks during pregnancy Flashcards
What is pregnancy in a child 16 years or younger give additional stress?
Its already a stressful developmental period during this age–the emotional level of a teen is impulsive and self-centered–>
- They don’t realize consequences of their behavior
- They don’t have financial resources to support a pregnancy
- They aren’t mature to avoid teratogens or know to get prenatal treatment/follow up care
Why are children of teenage mothers at risk for abuse or neglect?
Because the teens inadequate knowledge of growth, development, and parententing
Why is parenthood after age 35 have different health status changes?
Health status changes result from time and normal aging process and these changes may be responsible for age-related pregnancy conditions
Why do culture and religious influences increase health risks?
The woman and her family may have life and societal values and view of health and illness that dictate practices different from the Judeo-Christian Western model
Ex: food taboos or frequences, methods of hygeine, climate, care-seeking behavior, willingness to undergo screening, conflicts in values
T/F: Socioeconomic status affects birth outcomes
True
Rates of perinatal and maternal deaths, preterm birth, and LBW babies are considerably HIGHER in disadvantage populations
Substance abusing pregnant women create severe problems for themselves and their offspring, including what?
Interference with optimal G&D
Addiction
Smoking in pregnancy is known to cause a decrease in _____ and is one cause of ____ in infants
Decrease in placental perfusion
One cause of LBW in infants
If a pregnant women is able to stop smoking during the ______, she decreases the chance of having a LBW baby
1st trimester
Prenatal alcohol exposure has been found to increase the chance of ______ significantly
Birth defects
What are some other consequence of prenatal alcohol intake?
FAS
Increased risk for miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and SIDS
What are some symptoms of FAS babies?
- LBW
- Intellectual disability
- Behavior problems
- Learning and physical problems
Severe facial deformities of FAS occur at day ____ of conception when women may not even suspect that they are pregnant
day 20!
What may be made worse by caffeine?
Heart dysrhythmias
High intake of caffeine has been related to a slight ____ in birth weight and may also increase risk for ____
Slight decrease in birth weight and may also increase risk for miscarriage
The March of Dimes recommends that preg. women, or women who are trying to conceive, limit their caffeine intake to no more than _____.
200 mg/day (equivalent to one 12oz cup of coffee)
Depression and anxiert are the most common mental health problems in women. There are many kinds of meds to treat depression and anxiety. What is important about this and a preg mom?
Her psychotherapeutic drugs can have some effect on the fetus and must be monitored very carefully
Check to see if it crosses the placenta –most of them do!
What are pregnant women who are morbidly obese at increased risk for?
HTN Diabetes Gallbladder disease Post-term preg Musculoskeletal problems Intrauterine growth restriction Intrauterine fetal demise
Illicit drug use can cause birth defects. What do we do if there is SROM?
Check for drug use
Illicit drug use: If vaginal bleeding of unknown origin occurs, what do we do?
Check for drug use–this can cause the placenta to move away from uterine wall
Why can’t pregnant women with chlamydia take Doxycycline?
Doxycycline crosses the placenta and will make the baby’s teeth turn YELLOW when they are underdeveloped
Why can’t pregnant women with genital warts (HPV) use Podofilox?
The lesions can proliferate and become friable during pregnancy—use cryotherapy (burn them off)
Why is RPR performed on a pregnant woman?
Rapid plasma reagent–for syphillis
What is PID?
Pelvic inflammatory disease–an infectious process that most commonly involves the uterine tubes, uterus, and more rarely, the ovaries and peritoneal surface
Can HIV pregnant women breastfeed?
NO!!!
What if the mom has GBS (group B strep)?
An IV antibiotic prophylaxis is offered during labor to all who test positive
