T3- Ch 9 Skin Hair and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

A
Chronic superficial inflammation of skin
No known cause
S/S
Red, weeping, crusted lesions 
Mostly found on hands, arms, legs, and feet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Scabies

A

Highly contagious infestation of the mite sarcoptes scabiei
S/S
Sever pruritus caused by sensitivity to mite and its feces
Small lesions, and burrows
Mostly affects hands, wrists, axillae, genitalia, and inner thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Spider bite

A

Minimal symptoms at first
After a few hours
Redness, abdominal pain, and fever
Development of ulcer dark red or purple looking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lyme disease

A

Caused by tick bite
Red circle rash around bite with central clearing
Flu like symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Impetigo

A

Bacterial infection caused by group A streptococcus
Mostly occurs in hot humid climate and poor sanitation
Erythematous macule that becomes a vesicule
Turns honey color after burst
Mostly occur on face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cellulitis

A

Acute streptococcus or staphylococcus infection
Any age and any skin
Skin is red, warm and tender
May be streaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Candidiasis

A

Thrush, fungal infection
Mostly in mouth, can affect skin
Affects superficial layer
Appears as scaling red rash with obvious borders
Usually grouped but occasionally one is separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chicken pox

A
Herpes varicella 
Mostly found in children 
First lesions on trunk then they spread
Lesions form at different times
Erupt and crust over
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Shapes of lesions

A

Round
Annular
Iris
Gyrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Patterns of lesions

A
Singular
Grouped/ clustered
Polycyclic
Confluent
Linear
Zosteriform
Generalized
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Round or oval lesions

A

Solid appearance with no central clearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Annular

A

Round with central clearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Iris

A

Pink macule with purple concentric ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gyrate

A

Snake like appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Singular pattern

A

Single lesion, remain separate

Mosquito bite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Grouped or clustered pattern

A

Lesions that bunch together in small groups

Ex herpes or impetigo

17
Q

Polycyclic pattern

A

Annular lesions that contact one another as they grow and spread

18
Q

Confluent pattern

A

Lesions that merge and run together over large areas

19
Q

Linear pattern

A

Lesions that form in a line

Ex poison ivy

20
Q

Zosteriform pattern

A

Lesions that follow a merger

Ex herpes zoster

21
Q

Generalized pattern

A

Lesions that are scattered all over the body

Ex chicken pox

22
Q

Braden Scale Ranges

A
6-9 very high risk
10-12 high risk
13-14 moderate risk
15-18 at risk
19+ no risk
23
Q

Cool skins indicates

A

Hypothermia or shock
May be caused by hypothyroidism
Localized cool skin indicates poor perfusion

24
Q

Hot skin indicates

A

Hyperthermia may be associated with fever or hyperthyroidism or exercise
Localized may associate inflammation, infection, traumatic injury, or thermal injury

25
Q

What is diaphoresis

A

Excessive sweating w/o strenuous activity
Causes
Anxiety, pain, or shock
May indicate hyperthyroidism

26
Q

Skin turgor should be..

A

Immediate recoil

No tenting

27
Q

Excessively thick skin is caused by..

A

Diabetes mellitus

Abnormal build up of collagen

28
Q

Excessively thin skin is..

A

Shiny
Transparent
Seen with hyperthyroidism, arterial insufficiency, or aging

29
Q

Alopecia is..

A

Hair loss caused by a disease or disorder

30
Q

Koilonychia (spooning)

A

Thin depressed nail

Associated with anemia or iron deficiency

31
Q

Types of lesions

A

Primary
Secondary
Vascular

32
Q

Primary lesions

A
Moles
Freckles
Patches
Acne (Postule)
Tumor
Vessicle
Bulla (blister)
Cyst
33
Q

Secondary skin lesions

A
Scale
Lichenification
Keloid
Scar
Excoriation (scratches, scabies)
Fissure (cracks)
Crust (scab over abrasion)
Erosion
Ulcer (only loss to dermis)
34
Q

Vascular skin lesion

A

Petechiae (tiny hemorrhages)
Purpura (larger hemorrhage caused by bleeding or infection)
Ecchymosis (bruise)
Angioma
Telangiectasia (dilation of small blood vessels)

35
Q

Pressure Ulcers stage 1

A

Intact skin redness over bony prominence

36
Q

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

A

Partial thickness
May look shiny or dry
Pink wound bed
No slough

37
Q

Stage 3 pressure ulcer

A

Full thickness skin loss
Visible subcutaneous tissue, no bone or muscle
Slough, undermining or tunnels may be present

38
Q

Stage 4 pressure ulcer

A

Full thickness loss
Bone, muscles, and tendons are visible
Slough or escar, tunneling and mining may be present

39
Q

Unstageable Pressure ulcer

A

Full thickness loss

Wound bed not visible, covered by slough or eschar