T2 - Chapter 12 Heart Flashcards
1
Q
diastole
A
-ventricles relax and fill with blood
2
Q
systole
A
-ventricles contract and create pressure that closes AV valves
3
Q
risk factors for hypertension
A
- family genetics
- men have greater risk until age 45
- african americas 2x more likely
- poor diet
- overweight
- excessive alcohol intake
4
Q
coronary artery disease risk factors
A
- genetics
- african americas
- men at greater risk
- risk increases with age
- HTN
- obesity
- diabetes
5
Q
hypertension
A
-find mean of two BP readings
s/s: non specific must do screening tests
6
Q
DVT
A
- occurs in lower extremities
- s/s: dilated superficial veins, edema, redness, increased circumference of leg, warmth
7
Q
Peripheral Artery and Venous Insufficiencies
A
- when venous valves of the leg are damaged
- may produce ulcers
8
Q
aneurysm
A
- localized dilation of artery caused by weakness in arterial wall
- s/s: chest pain, hoarseness, may be asymptomatic
9
Q
vascular heart disease
A
- congenital disorder
- heart valve does not open/close completely
- s/s: dyspnea on exertion
10
Q
angina pectoris
A
- chest pain caused by ischemia
- can occur during activity, stress, or intense cold
- s/s: constricting sensation in the chest, burning chest pain
11
Q
unstable angina
A
-chest pain at rest
12
Q
myocardial infarction
A
- left ventricle more commonly affected
- pain lasts longer than 5 minutes, may radiate to shoulder or jaw
13
Q
left ventricular failure
A
- weakening of left ventricle
- sometimes the blood backs up into left atrium
- s/s: fatigue, SOB, displaced apical pulse, S3 heart sounds, systolic murmur at apex
14
Q
right ventricular failure
A
- causes back flow of blood into interior and superior venae cavae
- s/s: edema, S3 heart sounds at left sternal border, systolic murmur, weight gain
