T2 - Paragonimiasis Flashcards
1
Q
infection with parasitic lung fluke from the genus Pragonimus
A
Paragonimiasis
2
Q
most notable species of genus Paragonimus
A
Paragonimus westermani
3
Q
Life cycle of Paragonimus
A
- unembryonated eggs in water
- embryonation in water
- miracidia hatch and penetrate snail
- cercariae invade into crustacean and encyst metacercariae
- humans ingest inadequately cooked or pickled crustaceans
- excyst in duodenum
- penetrate intestinal lining to abdominal cavity then diaphragm then to lungs
- adult lay eggs which are excreted in sputum
4
Q
mode of transmission of Paragonimus
A
- consumption of raw or undercooked crustaceans
- contaminated surfaces or utensils
- metacercariae drinking water (less common)
5
Q
Primary route of Paragonimus
A
- ingestion of raw/undercooked crustaceans containing metacercariae
- rarely via contaminated water or utensils
6
Q
excystation of Paragonimus
A
metacercariae excyst in duodenum after exposure to digesive enzymes
7
Q
migration phase of Paragonimus
A
- penetration to intestinal wall
- larvae transverse abdominal cavity, diaphragm, and pleural cavity
8
Q
ectopic migration of Paragonimus
A
- liver
- brain
- subcutaneous tissue
9
Q
Symptoms of Paragonimiasis after 2-15 days
A
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
10
Q
Symptoms of Paragonimiasis several days after
A
- fever
- chest pain
- fatigue
11
Q
Diagnosis of Paragonimiasis
A
- stool sample
- ELISA
- radiological imaging
- CBC
12
Q
Geographical distribution:
Asia
A
P. westermani
13
Q
Geographical distribution:
Africa
A
P. africanus
14
Q
Geographical distribution:
Central and South America
A
P. mexicanus
15
Q
Geographical distribution:
US
A
P. kellicotti
16
Q
people at risk of paragonimiasis
A
- individuals eating raw or undercooked freshwater crabs and crayfish
- individuals living in or traveling to areas where paragonimiasis is endemic
17
Q
Treatment for paragonimiasis
A
- Praziquantel
- Corticosteroids
- Alternative: Triclabendazole
