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PH 122 > Systemic diseases > Flashcards

Systemic diseases Flashcards

1
Q

First sound heard in sphygmomanometer

A

Systole

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2
Q

Renin is secreted by __ when there is too __ BP

A

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Low

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3
Q

Value of malignant hypertension

A

Greater or equal to 200/120 mmHg

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4
Q

There may be genetic predisposition to hypertension due to variations in gene coding for __

A

RAAS Components

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5
Q

Pink hyaline thickening in BV bc deposit of plasma protein and smooth musc

A

Hyaline arteriolosclerosis

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6
Q

Onion skin lesions/smooth muscle cells prolif with thick reduplic BM

A

Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

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7
Q

Pathophysio of diabetes mellitus

A

Hyperglycemia

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8
Q

Measures chronic glucose amt

A

HbA1C

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9
Q

DM diag test where they let you drink very sweet soln then measure glucose over time

A

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

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10
Q

Type 1 diabetes : autoimmune disease. It involves these immune cells

A

T lymphocytes

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11
Q

Main genetic defect of type 1 DM

A

HLA locus on 6p21

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12
Q

Why are beta cells destroyed in type 1 DM?

A

Failure of self tolerance in T cells spec for islet antigens

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13
Q

Most impt risk factor for type 2 DM

A

Central obesity

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14
Q

Main pathogenic mech for type 2 DM

A

Loss of insulin sensitivity in hepatocytes

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15
Q

Main kidney complications for DM

A

Nodular glomerulosclerosis

Nepropathy

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16
Q

Nodular glomerulosclerosis- another name

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease

17
Q

Nonenzymatic reaction bet sugar and cellular protein yields __. This happens in DM patients

A

Advanced glycation end prod

18
Q

Effect of Advanced glycation end prod binding in:
A.macrophage
B.endothelium
C.vascular smooth muscle

A

A.cytokine release
B.prod of ROS
C.prolif

19
Q

In DM patients, root cause of neovascularization in retinopathy

A

Activation of protein kinase C

20
Q

Production of polypl fr increased glucose depletes __

A

NADPH

21
Q

Stereotypical response to vascular injury

A

Intimal thickening

PH 122 (17 decks)

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