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PH 122 > Basic Immunology > Flashcards

Basic Immunology Flashcards

0
Q 
Toll-like receptors are present in all except
A.plasma membrane
B.endosomal vesicles
C.nucleus
D.none of those mentioned
A

C

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1
Q

Differentiate pathogen-assoc molecular patterns from damage-assoc molecular patterns

A

Pathogen-assoc - capable of recognizing certain microbial components that are shared among related microbe

Damage-assoc- recognized by leukocytes in injured and necrotic cells

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2
Q 
Toll-like receptors activate the ff except
A.NF-kB
B.macrophages
C.interferon regulatory factors
D.none of those mentioned
A

B

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3
Q 
NOD-like receptors recognize all except
A.nutrient deficiencies
B.necrotic cell products
C.ion disturbances
D.microbial products
A

A

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4
Q 
An inflammasome is signaled by \_\_
A.Toll-like receptor
B.NOD-like receptor
C.both
D.none of those mentioned
A

B

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5
Q 
What does an inflammasome directly activate?
A.caspase-1
B.IL-1
C.both of the two
D.none of those mentioned
A

A

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6
Q

What does caspase-1 do, once activated by inflammasome?

A

Cleave precursor form of IL-1 to generate biologically active form

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7
Q 
What do C-type lectin receptors recognize?
A.fungal glycans
B.viral nucleic acids
C.short bacterial peptides
D.microbial sugars
A

A

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8
Q 
What do RIG-like receptors recognize?
A.fungal glycans
B.viral nucleic acids
C.short bacterial peptides
D.microbial sugars
A

B

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9
Q 
What do G protein-coupled receptors recognize?
A.fungal glycans
B.viral nucleic acids
C.short bacterial peptides
D.microbial sugars
A

C

With N-formylmethionyl residues

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10
Q 
What do Mannose receptors recognize?
A.fungal glycans
B.viral nucleic acids
C.short bacterial peptides
D.microbial sugars
A

D

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11
Q

type __ interferons are produced in response to viruses that act on infected/uninfected cells

A

I

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12
Q 
Defensins are provided by \_\_
A. Epithelial cells
B. Muscle cells
C. Lymph nodes
D. All of the above
A

A

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13
Q

What do dendritic cells do?

A

Capture protein antigens and display peptides for recog by T lymphocytes

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14
Q 
In innate immunity, complement system is activated by what pathway/s?
A.classical
B.alternative
C.lectin
D. B and C
E. A and B
F. A, B and C
A

D

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15
Q

True or false. Innate immunity has memory cells

A

False

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16
Q

What is clonal selection?

A

Lymphocytes specific for a large number of antigens exist before exposure to antigen, and when the antigen enters, it selectively activates the antigen-specific cells

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17
Q

Antigenic receptor diversity is generated by ___

A

Somatic recombination

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18
Q

Which is TRUE about T cell receptor?
A. Has alpha and beta polypeptide chains
B. Able to recognize peptide antigens displayed by MHC
C. Both are true

A

C

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19
Q

B lymphocytes are not the only cells in the body capable of producing antibodies. T or F?

A

F

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20
Q

Differentiate effector cell in CMI from that in humoral immunity

A

CMI - T cell activates macrophages to kill ingested microbes

Humoral - cell effectively phagocytoses and destroys microbes that are coated

21
Q

Antibody used to coat microbes in humoral immunity

A

IgG

22
Q

Complement protein used to coat microbes in humoral immunity

A

C3b

23
Q

Immature dendritic cells within the epidermis

A

Langerhans cells

24
Q

At any time, more than half of the body’s lymphocytes are in the mucosal tissues and many of these are memory cells. T or F?

A

T

25
Q

__ lymphocytes traverse the peripheral lymphoid organs where antigens are concentrated

A

Naive

26
Q

__ lymphocytes migrate to sites of infection and inflammation to eliminate microbes

A

Effector

27
Q

Mature, naïve T cells migrate fr thymus to lymph nodes via ___

A

High endothelial venules

28
Q

Affinity of naïve T cells to HEV caused by __

A

Interaction of L-selectin and integrin to their ligands

29
Q 
L-selectin and integrin are \_\_ molecules
A. Transport
B. Adhesion
C. Inflammatory
D. All of the above
A

B

30
Q 
Naïve T cells become activated when exposed to antigens in \_\_
A. Spleen
B. Lymph nodes
C. Blood vessels
D. All of the above
A

B

31
Q 
Transport of Activated T cells to infection site is mediated by
\_\_
A. E-selectin
B. P-selectin
C. Integrin
D. chemokine
E. All of the above
A

E

32
Q

Molecule that displays peptide fragments of proteins for recognition by antigen-specific cells

A

Major Histocompatibility Complex

33
Q

Genes encoding HLA molecules are clusteredd on ___

A

Small segment of chromosome 6

34
Q

There are many alleles of MHC genes in humans, but all humans express the same MHC genes. True or false

A

False

Diff human, diff HLA

35
Q

CD8+ cells are class __ MHC restricted

A

I

36
Q

CD4+ cells are class __ MHC restricted

A

II

37
Q

Class __ MHC is in all nucleated cells and platelets

A

I

38
Q

Class __ MHC are on antigen-presenting cells & cells that respond to T-helper cells

A

II

39
Q

Factor that Increases leukocyte numbers during immune and inflammatory responses

A

Colony stimulating factor

40
Q

IFN gamma is a cytokine produced in both innate and adaptive immunity responses. True or false?

A

True

41
Q

Microbe elicits immune response only once recognized by T cells/B cells. True or false?

A

False. It elicits response thru recognition by pattern recognition

42
Q

Differentiate cell-interdigitating fr follicular dendritic cells

A

Follicular - APC to B cells. Humoral immunity

Cell-Interdigitating - APC to T cells. CMI

43
Q

Destroys irreversibly stressed and abnormal cells

Identify!

A

NK cells

44
Q

NK cells have IgG receptors at cell surface. This exhibits __

A

Antibody-dep cell-mediated cytotoxicity

45
Q

A reactive lymph node has __ follicles
A.many
B.few
C.it does not matter

A

A

46
Q

In lymph nodes, B cells are concentrated in ___

A

Follicles

47
Q

If the B cells in a follicle have recently responded to an antigen, this follicle may contain a central region called ___

A

Germinal center

48
Q

In lymph nodes, T cells are concentrated in ___

A

Paracortex

49
Q

In the spleen, where are the T cells concentrated?

A

Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths

50
Q

All antibody responses are T cell dependent. T or F?

A

F. There are antigens that cannot be recognized by T cells but have multiple identical antigenic determinants(epitopes), and they can initiate B cell response

PH 122 (17 decks)

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