Mycobacterial Infections Flashcards
It makes the bacteria acid-fastt
Mycolic acid
Transmission of Mycobacterium TB
Aerosol
Ingestion of __ may lead to GI TB
Sputum
How is M.bovis transmitted?
Unpasteurized milk
Control of T-cells to bacteria may lead to __ and __
Caseating granulomas
Cavitation
Not part of primary TB
A. M.tuberculosis enters macrophages by pinocytosis (c/o several receptors of mediators)
B. Replication blocks formation of phagolysosome
C. Bacteremia with seeding of multip sites
A
phagocytosis dapat
What do macrophages secrete to mount a Tcell response?
IL-12
Release of interferon gamma leads to expression of this inducible enzyme
Nitric oxide synthase
IDENTIFY
1-1.5 cm area of gray-white inflammation with consolidation at the lower area of the upper lobe, or at the upper area of the lower lobe, near the pleura
Self-limiting like lymphadenopathy
Ghon focus
Combination of parenchymal lung lesion and nodal (hilar lymph nodes) involvement
IDENTIFY
Ghon complex
radiologically detectable calcification following fibrosis
IDENTIFY
Ranke’s Complex
A.Occurs in the host who is immune to M. Tuberculosis
B.Most commonly stems from reactivation of a latent infection
C.defensive reaction –> ⬇️ tissue necrosis
D.Classically involves the apex of the upper lobes of one or both lungs
FALSE ABOUT SECONDARY TB
C
⬆️ DAPAT
False about progressive TB
A)May ensue in older adults and immunosuppressed people
B)Resembles acute bacterial pneumonia
C)Upper and middle lobe consolidation D)Pleural effusion
C
Lower dapat
spots @ prog TB due to the infection that has spread via blood (hematogenous spread)
Miliary TB
TB of vertebrae is aka __
Pott’s Disease
Gold standard of TB diag
AFB Culture
TB Media : __
Lowenstein-Jensen Agar
BCG means
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
Hallmark of Mycobacterium avium complex
Abundant AFB within macrophages
For MAC:Dissemination through __ dep on severity of immune def
Mononuclear Phagocyte System
False abt M.leprae
A.Acid fast, Obligate, Intracellular organism
B.Poorly cultured
C.Usually targets the muscle and peripheral nerves
D.Slow painful (less) death
C
SKIN DAPAT
M.leprae - There is no certain optimal temperature needed for its growth.
T OR F
F
False about M.lepeae
A. human respiratory secretions or soil are likely origins
B. Replicates primarily in relatively warm tissues of the skin and extremities
C.Virulence is based on properties of its cell wall – no toxins
B
Cool dapat
False about tuberculoid leprosy A.Well demarcated skin and nerve lesions B.Assymetric C.Granulomas are formed D.Multibacillary
D
Pauci dapat
In lepromatous leprosy, coalescent lesions in the face are called __
leonine facies
Where does Hypergammmaglobulinemia occur?
A.lepromatous
B.tuberculoid
C.both
A
normal serum Ig @ tuberculoid
