Introduction to Infectious Diseases Flashcards
He proved that DNA is the material responsible for transmission of genetic traits
Oswald Avery
Usual causative organism for secondary infection of burns
Pseudomonas
Invasiveness causes further growth at original sites only. True or False?
False. Distant sites also
Distance microbes travel into the RT is \_\_\_ to their size A. inversely proportional B. directly proportional C. not related D. none of the above
A
Smaller bacteria that enter the respi tract are inhaled directly into the ___
alveolar lining
What happens to large microbes (greater than 5 micrometers) in the respiratory tract?
They are trapped and swallowed. They do not cause disease anymore.
Females are more prone (10x more than males) to UTI. Why?
shorter urethra
4 ways microbes can utilise to enter the body. enumerate
Ingestion
Sexual transmission
Insect/animal bites
Injection
Prions are composed of abnormal forms of host protein, Prion Proteins (PrP), that are normally found in ___
neurons
What are Transmissible Spongiform Encelopathies?
Prions undergo conformational changesthat confers resistance to proteases
another name for the clinical manifestation of human cannibalism (prion-caused)
kuru
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is also known as __
mad cow’s disease
Composed of nucleic acid genome surrounded by capsidand sometimes encased in lipid membrane
virus
Prions undergo conformational changes and aggregated deposit in neurons. These deposits are called __
intracellular and cytoplasmic inclusions
Which is not a respiratory virus? A.Adenovirus B.Rhinovirus C.Influenza virus D.Rotavirus
D
Rotavirus - childhood diarrhea
Which is not a digestive system virus? A.Mumps virus B.Rotavirus C.Cytomegalovirus D.Hepatitis A-E virus
C
Cytomegalovirus causes a systemic disease w/ hematopoeitic disorders.
What do measles, herpes zoster and varicella have in common.
They are all systemic viruses with eruptions.
Cytomegalovirus causes a systemic disease w/hematopoeitic disorders. Name two other ones that do this too.
HIV
Epstein-Barr virus
Papillomaviruses, Polioviruses and JC Viruses have what in common?
warty growths
virus associated with infectious mononucleosis
Epstein-Barr virus
Brucella melitensis causes brucellosis, or __
undulant fever
content of fungi cell wall
chitin
content of fungi cell membrane
ergosterol
enumerate two growth patterns of fungi
yeast and hyphae
Some fungi exhibit thermal dimorphism. Which is false?
A)At room temperature they are seen as hyphae
B)At body temperature they are formed as yeast
C)They are seen as hyphae or yeast depending on the environment they are in
D)A and B
C
sexual spores are called __
ascospores
asexual spores are called __
conidia
causative agent of athlete’s foot
Tinea pedia
Sporotrichosis is __ mycosis
A. superficial
B. subcutaneous
C. deep
B
smallest free-living bacteria, aerobic, has a special characteristic of metabolising glucose, lack cell wall
identify
Mycoplasma
small bacteria that can only grow inside cells like viruses;arthropods serve as vectors
identify
Rickettsia
motile, single-celled eukaryotes are also called __
protozoa
False about malaria
A. one of the most significat protozoans in our country
B. transmitted by female Aedes aegypti mosquito
C. has erythrocytic (infect RBC) and exo-erythrocytic (in the liver) stages
B
Anopheles dapat
identify
infecting macrophages; from blood-sucking insects
Leishmania
identify
sexually tranmitted; causes trichomoniasis; usually found in papsmear
Trichomonas vaginalis
Three mechanisms by which a microbe causes disease
- Enter host cells and directly cause cell death
- Release endotoxins or exotoxins
- Induce host immune and inflammatory response to the micro
- predilection to infect certain cell types
- determined by host cell receptors for a particular virus
identify
tropism
What retrovirus protein binds to CD4+ T cells?
HIV gp120 protein
Rhinoviruses bind to ___found in nasal mucosa
intercellular adhesion molecule-1
