systematic desensitisation (pack 2 C.C) Flashcards
who developed S.D
Wolpe
how does S.D treat a phobia
in a methodical way to introduce an individual to their feared stimulus in a graduated manner
what sort of process is it
step by step where an individual becomes more and more familiar with the feared object, item or situation.
what does in-vivo mean
being exposed to a real object
what does in-vitro mean?
through imaginary exposure to an object
prior to desensitisation what are patients taught
how to relax their muscles and how to deal with situations as they occur
what is muscle relaxation called
progressive muscle relaxation
what does progressive muscle relaxation involve
tensing and releasing muscle contractions
what does S.D aim to do?
reduce anxiety and be less fearful of stimulus since learnt stimulus and response links will now be broken
what is the effectiveness of S.D?
it is generalisable to many kinds of specific phobias
e.g Capafons
scientific evidence to indicate it is effective
MCGRATH- 75% responded to this therapy
what are the limitations of S.D?
individual differences as this therapy does not suit everyone
it CANNOT be applied to those with more generalised phobias or anxiety
REDUCTIONIST- assumes that all phobias are caused by C.C
original research done with animals in c.c
less effective in fears that are rooted in survival components- the dark etc.
(evolutionary phobias)
ethics
regarded to be ethical as exposure to the feared stimulus is gradual and agreed
Enables them to feel empowered and involved
alternatives
other techniques such as flooding and CBT
Freeman= virtual reality therapy
2/3 out of 100 classified as not having fear of heights and hey have a virtual coach who teaches real life situations
other therapies limited due to number of therapists
issues and debates
social control
aversion therapy used to control people
homophobia
Billy Clegg-Hill died from a coma and convulsions
aversion therapy is dangerous illegal
