Pavlov (cc- pack 2) Flashcards
who developed classial conditioning
pavlov
what procedure was given to the dogs
securing a tube from the dogs salivation gland which externalised the flow of saliva to outside their mouths
what did Pavlov hypothesise after initial experiment?
the dogs had learnt a new behaviour which they previously did not have- they had learnt to associate the lab coats of the people feeding them with the food
what did Pavlov do when he discovered this from the initial experiment
he created a soundproof lab and experimental test conditions to ensure no direct contact between the dog and the experimenter
what was Pavlov’s aim?
find out if a reflexive behaviour can be produced in new situations through learning
in particular, associating a reflex with a NS (sound) causes learning to take place, producing a conditioned behaviour in new situations…new pathways being formed in the cerebral cortex
what did Pavlov hypothesise before NEW experiment?
the presentation of precise stimuli would evoke a salivation response if the stimulus was paired with food
dogs would salivate (UR) when they see food (US)
this could be paired with another stimulus, the sound (CS) to get a new behaviour (CR)
what was the sample
35 dogs f a variety of breeds, raised in kennels in the lab
how did Pavlov control for extraneous variables?
placed in a sealed room that did not allow the dogs to see, smell or hear anything outside
to stop dog from salivating from something else
what is the procedure
UCS (food)= UCR (salivation)
NS(sound)= no conditioned response
NS(sound)+ UCS(food)= UCR (salivation)
CS(sound)= CR (salivation)
what were two results of the study
- Pavlov confirmed, through measuring the dogs saliva, that the dogs learnt to associate the sound with the food
- indication of secondary conditioning was possible as they could also salivate at the buzzer
what was a conclusion from Pavlov’s study?
that environmental stimuli that previously had no relation to the reflex action could, through pairing, trigger a salivation response
new neural pathways would be formed in the brain
