Syncope Flashcards
sudden, transient loss of consciousness assc w loss of postural tone is ___
followed by ___
can occur from insufficient ___ or ___ to brain responsible for consciousness
such as __ or ___
syncope
spontaneous recovery
blood flow, nutrients
RAS, bilateral hemispheres
Dec CO secondary to mech outflow obstruction dz A, A, dec __
Dec __
Dec ___
AS, arrhythmia, preload
SVR
cerebral perfusion
Vasovagal syncope- BJ reflex says inc/excessive ___ causes dec ventricular volume and inc ventricular inotropy
activates LV ___ to stimulate vagal afferent input to brainstem
dec symp output to vasculature causes ___ and ___ leading to bradycardia
prodrome of __ and __ and __
venous pooling
mechanoreceptors
inc PNS, vasodilation
nausea, diaphoresis, tunnel vision
syncope w rising to standing
can be due to dec __ or __ (such as ___ or __)
autonomic neuro like __
P/P
E
orthostatic hypoTN
bloodd volume, drug induced
antihypertensives/vasodilators
diabetes
Parkinsons/pheo
elderly
reflex can be __ during cough/defecation
or ___ w head turning/pressure to carotid sinus
situational
carotid sinus
underlying heart dz, palpitations leads to ___
long QT, HCM, can produce syncope w ____
jerking limb, lost bowel, aura is ___
TIA should have ___
Psych should be __, w out __
arrhythmias
exertion
seizure
focal neuro findings
recurrent, exam findings
Dizziness is __ or ___
dec cerebral ___, particularly to ___
can have dec circulating volume from __ or ___
obstruction to cerebral blood flow w ___
transient disease in CO such as __ or ___
lightheaded/faint
blood flow, posterior circulatin
GI bleed/blood loss
vertebrobasilar dz
TIA/arrhythmia
Gait imbalance/disequilibrium from __ and __ cx like Parkinsons, or ___ dysfxn
vertigo described as ___
frailty, NM, cerebellar
room spinning
when turning head, semicircular canals can __ or __ depending on side
results in __/__ compensation to preent following
Vestibular vertigo due to ___ of semicircular canals
inc/dec firing
visual/somatosensory
unequal firing
sudden onset vertigo w positions, possibly from otoliths, cause is ____
idio inc in endoymphatic fluid which damages hair cells, assc w tinnitus/hearing loss/vertigo dx is ___
__ is selective inflamm of vestibular nerve following viral infection
__ is hearing loss/vertigo
Unilateral hearing loss/vertigo is ____
drugs such as ____
BPV
menieres dz
vestibular neuritis
labrynthitis
acoustic neuroma
aminoglycosides
___ is vertigo due to do of brainstem/cerebellum
get __ toward side of lesion, __ deficits
central vertigo
nystagmis, CN
Exam
Ortho BP defined as SBP < ___ and HR > __ upon standing
palpate ___
__ positional test
thorough __/__ exam
20, 10
carotid arteries
dix hallpike
neuro/cardio
