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Multisystem 1 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

__ block cell wall synthesis by inhibition of ___

A

penicllin

peptidoglycan cross linking

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2
Q

tx for Group A step (throat)

also confirmed __ Pneumoccal infection such as __ and __

resistance from alteration of __

overcome w ___

also treat ___ infection

and __ caused by ___

A

Penicillin

Penicillin sensitive
PNA, meningitis

penicillin binding proteins

higher doses

Meningoccal infection

syphillis, T. pallidum

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3
Q

Ampicilin/Amoxicillin is ___

good for minor infections like __ and __

top 3 causes: P, H, M

good for __, such as __ in babies and elderly

good for ___

A

broader spectrum

acute sinusitis/otitis

Pneumoccocus, Hib, moraxella

listeria, meningitis

enterococcus

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4
Q

Dont treat __ w ab
exception is __ w exacerbation

Augmentin (PO) is __ and __
good for __ sinusitis/otitis

Unasyn (IV) is __ and __
good for ___
such as ___
does not cover ___

A

bronchitis
COPD

amoxicillin + BLI
persistent

ampicillin + BLI
mixed infection
diabetic foot ulcer
MRSA

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5
Q

__ and __ against Pseudomonas

esp __ pt
__
__ PNA
and ____

A

Ticarcillin/Piperacillin

burn
neutropenic
hospital acquired
CF

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6
Q

Timentin is __ and __

Zosyn is __ and __

occasionally used for __ hospital acquired infections

Zosyn not used for ___ infections

A

Ticarcillin +BLI

Piperacillin + BLI

critically ill

serious Psuedomonas

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7
Q

IV __ and __ against Staph aureus cellulitis/endocarditis

PO __ for staph aureus

A

Nafcillin, Oxacillin

Dicloxacillin

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8
Q

Cephalosporins do not cover _ and __

1st gen is better for __ and less for __
3rd gen is better for __ and less for __
2nd gen is __

A

enterococcus, anaerobes

gram +, gram -
gram -, gram +
in between

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9
Q

1st gen __ or __

good for minor __ like __

also ____

A

Cefazolin, Cephalexin

Staph, cellulitis

pre op prophylaxis

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10
Q

2nd gen ___ aka __

__ minor infections like __

similar to ___

A

Cefuroxime, Ceftitin

persistant, otitis

augmentin

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11
Q

3rd gen __ and Ceftriaxone and __ and ___ and Cefexime

A

Cefotaxime

Ceftazidine

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12
Q

4th gen ___

anti- ____

not for kids less than ___

A

cefepime

pseudomonal

2m

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13
Q

3rd gen great for serious ___ like sepsis and all types of ___

good __ penetration

A

Gram neg, meningitis

CNS

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14
Q

__ is antipseudomonal similar to __/__ but induces __

__ preferred

A

Ceftazidime
Ticarcillin/Piperacillin, beta lactamase

Cefepime

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15
Q

___ good for gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone

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16
Q

__ have high resistance w ESBL ___ gram neg bacteria

such as 
K
A
E
P
P
S
E
A

Cephalosporins
extended spectrum beta lactamase

klebsiella
actinobacter
enterobacter
proteus
pseudo
serratia
e coli
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17
Q

aminoglycosides block protein synth at ___

good for __ infections

Include __ and __ and __
weak to strong

A

30S ribosomal unit

gram -

gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin

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18
Q

serious gram neg infections tx w __ drugs

such as __ and ___

A

2

Ceftriaxone, Tobramycin

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19
Q

Aminoglycosides synergistic w __

can be used for ___

poor penetration to __/__

do not use in __/__

SE include __ and ___

A

Beta lactams

endocarditis

lungs/meninges

PNA/meningitis

ototoxicity/nephrotoxic

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20
Q

Macrolides inhibit __ of the __
considered __

__ is good for __ and __
not good for __

can cover __ walking PNA and __ (though inc resistance) and ___

commonly used for __ in ersons less than 60 w out comorbids

resistant __ is dec this

A

23s rRNA, 50S ribosomal unit
bacteriostatic

erythromycin, gram +/gram -
anaerobes

Mycoplasma, Legionella, Pneumo

community acquired PNA

S aureus

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21
Q

Macrolides
__ and ___

no better than erythro but less __ such as __/__

cost effective alternative to __ for chlamydia

prolongs ___

A

azithromycin, clarithromycin

SE, nausea/ab pain

Doxycycline

QT

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22
Q

Erythromicin is __ agonist

can help ___ in diabetics

A

motilin

gastroparesis

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23
Q

Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole block __ by inhibiting __ synthesis

good for __ and __
great for __ and ___ and uncomplicated __/__

not for __/__/___

SE such as __ and __
__ w G6PD def

also for __ PNA and soft tissue ___

A

nucleotide synthesis, folate

gram +, gram -
otitis/sinusitis, UTI/cystitis

Strep throat, Pseudomonas, Anaerobes

Rash, SJS, hemolysis

pneumocystis jiroveci, MRSA

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24
Q

__ used for UTI with greater E coli sulfa resistance

not for __ or w creatinine clearance less than __

SE __ toxicitiy, acute __, chronic ___

turns urine __

use in preg with ___

A

Nitrofurantoin

pyelonephritis, 60

pulm, HS, pulm interstitial disease

brown

25
Q

Tetracyclines inhibit ___

Doxycycline is good __
SE include __ and __
great for __, commonly co tx for urethritis w ___

covers __ and __ atypical PNA and __
alternative to __ for CA PNA in healthy pt

good for __ such as RMSF, __ and __
suspect in spring/summer w fever, low __/__ and elevated __

A

30s ribosomal subunits

all around
photosensitivity, teeth staining
chlamydia, ceftriaxone

Clamydia pneumophila/mycoplasma, azithromycin

Rickettsial dz, erlichiosis, anaplasmosis

WBC/platelets, transaminases

26
Q

__ inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Ciproflaxin is __
good for everything except ___

avoid for __ and __ and __ and ___

good for comp infections like __ and comp __/__

newer quinolones cover __ better

Levofloxacin is excellent against __ and __
good choice for __ and __ w gram - infections

SE __ rupture, CNS (avoid in __ as they block __)

A

Quinolones
broad spectrum
Pneumoccocus

otitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, PNA

diabetic foot ulcer, UTI/cystitis

gram neg

gram neg/Pneumio
CA PNA, hospital pt

achilles, MG, NMJ

27
Q

Lincosamide such as ___ blocks the ___ ribosomal subunit

A

Clindamycin

50s

28
Q

Metronidazole is a ____

promotes ___ to damage __

used for __ infections such as __/__ areas

good for __ enterocolitis, T/G

abstain from ____

mechanism is ___, prevents __ comps such as nec fas w __ and __

can treat ___

A

nitroimidazole

free radical, bacterial DNA

anaerobic, intra-ab/pelvic

C diff, trichomonas, giardia

alcohol

bacteriostatic, toxin related
Staph/strep pyo

MRSA

29
Q

__ is a glycopeptide
inhibits ___ but also blocks __ synthesis
not susceptible to __/__ prodxn

great coverage for __/__
reserve for ___

pt who can get Staph epi sepsis- __ w infected ___ or __

good for ___ enterococcal infections like pyonephritits

can treat ___ PO

SE- N/O/R
tx by __ injection

A

Vancomycin
cell wall synthesis, peptidoglycan
beta lactamase/penicillin bindg protein

Staph Aureus/Epi
MRSA

IC, indwelling central cath, neonates

ampicillin resistant

C difff

neprotoxic, ototoxic, Red man syndrome
slow

30
Q

Aztreonam used for __, __ infections

monobactam resistant to ___

used in ___ allergic pt

A

gram - serious

beta lactamase

PCN

31
Q

Carbapenams such as Primaxin, which is __ and __
also M/E

IV for ___ infections

works against __ gram neg

seizure risk w __ and renal failure

A

Imipenem+ Cilastatin
Meropenem, Ertopenem

serious

ESBL

Primaxin

32
Q

Anti-VRE and MRSA

__ treats gram positive bacteria, such as VRE, MRSA and PRSP

watch for __ and __
inhibits ___

A

Linezolid

PN, myelosuppression
MAO

33
Q

Quinupristin/dalfopristin IV for __ and ___

A

VRE, vanc resistant Staph Aureus

34
Q

Daptomycin for __ skin infection, endocarditis

not ___ bc it is inactivated by __

associated w ___

A

MRSA

MRSA PNA, surfactant

eosinophilic PNA

35
Q

Ceftaroline for skin/soft tissue __ and ___

A

MRSA, PNA

36
Q

Influenze tx w __ to inhibit neuraminidase

A

oseltamivir

37
Q

Herpes tx w ___

phosphorylated by HSV/VZV ___
inhibits viral ___

A

acyclovir

thymidine kinase
DNA polymerase

38
Q

Anti viral

Interferon blocks replication of __/__ viruses

such as __/__ and ___

A

DNA/RNA

HepB/HepC/MS

39
Q

Anti TB

Isoniazid SE N (tx w ___), H

Rifampin (also used for __ prophylaxis)
interacts w ___
turns urine ___

Ethambutol causes ___ such as __/__ blindness

A

neuropathy, VB6, hepatotoxicity

meningococcal exposure
p450
orange

optic neuropathy
red/green color

40
Q

Anti fungal

___ binds ergosterol which is unique to __
forms __ that allow leakage
SE N/hypo__/__

Azoles like F for vaginal/esophageal ___
inhibits __

A

amphotericin B, fungal cell wall
membrane pores
nephrotoxic, HypoK, hypoMg

fluconazole, candida
ergosterol synthesis

41
Q

Meningitis

S pneumo remmonded tx w __ and ___

alternatives M/F

A

vanc, 3rd gen ceph

meropenem, fluoroquinolone

42
Q

Meningitis

N men tx w __

alternative
P/A/C/F/A

A

3rd gen ceph

penicillin, ampicillin, cloramphenicol, fluoroquinolone, aztreonam

43
Q

Meningitis

L mono
tx w __ or __

alternatives __ or __

A

ampicillin/PenG

bactrim/meropenum

44
Q

Meningitis

S agalactiae

recommended w __ or __

alternative
3rd gen ___

A

ampicillin/PenG

ceph

45
Q

Men

H influenza

recommneded w __

alternatives
C/C/M
F

A

third gen ceph

cloramphenicaol, cefepime, meropenem, flurorozuinole

46
Q

Meningitis

E coli

recommended w ___

alternative
C/M/A/F/B

A

3rd gen ceph

cefepime, meropenem, aztrenoam, fluoro, bactrim

47
Q

mouth infections cover __ and ___

such as w __ and ___ and ___

A

gram + and anaerobes

penicillins, ESBL, clindamycin

48
Q

CA PNA
healthy give macrolide like __, alternative is ___

comorbids like DM give ___ such as L/M

hospitalized pt give __ or combo of __ and __

A

azithromuyin, doxy

fluoro, levaquin/moxifloxacin

macrolide/3rd gen ceph

49
Q

Health care PNA

usually in pt w __ and wound care, __ or __

live in __
hospitalized for ___

cover MRSA w __ or ___
cover pseudo w __ or __ or __

add other drug for pseudo/gram neg like __ or __

sepsis, use __ regimen

A

IV ab, chemo/dialysis

nursing home
3m

linezolid/vanc
zosyn/cefepime/carbanepem

Fluoro/aminoglycoside

similar

50
Q

Intra ab infections like cholecystitis, appendicitis, cholangitis, diverticulitisi

cover __ and ___

can use Z/T+C/C/T

or __/__ gen ceph or __ for gram neg + __ for anaerobes

A

gram neg rods, anaerobes

zosyn, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, carbapenem, tigecycline

3rd/4th, FLuoro
metronidzaole

51
Q

Enterococcal infections like UTI/abdominal/bacteremia/endocarditis

if susceptible use __ w aminoglycoside and ___

VRE use __ or ___

A

ampicillin, vanc

linezolid/daptomycin

52
Q

C diff use oral __ or ___ if not severe

oral vanc maybe w IV __

PO Vanc taper + Fidaxomycin and ___

A

flagyl, vanc

flagyl

fecal transplant

53
Q

UTI
uncomp/not preg/no abnorms/catheters can use N/B/fosfomycin

if cant use those, use __ or combo __ and ___ like augmentin

for pyelonephritis use __
same for ___

A

nitrofurantoin, bactrim

fluoro, BL/BLI

fluoro
comp UTI

54
Q

Prostatitis use B/C if acute

A

bactrim/Cipro

55
Q

Epidydmitis
young male, tx for __ and ___ w doxycycline

older men, tx for __ and add ___

A

gon/chlam

gonor, quinolone

56
Q

CLamydia tx w __ or ___

gonorrhea tx w ___

bacterial vaginosis tx w ___

trichomonas tx ___

A

azithro, doxy

ceftriaxone

metrio

flagyl

57
Q

skin/soft tissue

if staph/strep
non purulent is not __, use 1st gen ___, or O__ or c___

purulent, cover MRS w B/C/D/L
__ IV is option

A

MRSA
ceph, oxacillin, clindamycin

bactrim, clindamycin, doxy, linezolid
vancomycin

58
Q

Skin/soft tissue in DM

deep infections are __ w gram +/-

combo __ for MRSA or __ from Gram +/-

__ for MRSA/strep and __ for gram neg

systemic illness needs __ to cover pseudo, gram +/- and anaerobes

such as Z/C/C+M

add __/__ for MRSA

A

polymicrobial

bacrim, augmentin

clindamycin, fluoro

IV ab

zosyn, carbapenem, cefepime+metro

vanc/dapto

Multisystem 1 (21 decks)

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