Micro

Question 1

congenital infection to vaccinate against prior to pregnancy

Answer 1

Rubella

Question 2

stepping on rusty nail, lacking vaccinations

what is organism

produces __, an exotoxin

toxin cleaves __ for NT

mechanism of toxicity

Answer 2

Clostridium tetani

tetanospasmin

snare proteins

blocks release of inhibitory NT like glycine/GABA

Question 3

sx of tetanus

P, T
__ raised eyebrows/grin
__ spasm of spinal extension

Prevent w __

Answer 3

paralysis, trismus
risus sardonicus
opisthotnos

tetanus vaccine

Question 4

Meningitis sx

normal protein, glucose levels

elevated WBC

type of meningitis ___

trasnmission pattern

Answer 4

viral

fecal oral

Question 5

how does hep A produce viral proteins inside host cell

__ translated by ___

Answer 5

ssRNA, host cell ribosomes

Question 6

pt w leukemia, PNA sx

fungal ball in lung

biopsy shows hyphae

dx is

Answer 6

aspergillus

Question 7

ebola type of virus

how does it produce mRNA translated by host machinery

Answer 7

ssRNA-

uses ssRNA replicated by viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase into MRNA

Question 8

deep wound, crepitus, blood tinged exidate

organism is __
produces __ known as lecithinase, which destroys

can cause ___ and ___

spores survive in ___
produces ___, leading to food poising

Answer 8

c perfringens
alpha toxin, cell membranes

gas gangrene, hemolysis

food
heat labile toxin

Question 9

Competent bacteria bind and import pieces of environmental naked bacterial chromosomal DNA

type of transmission

adding __ to environemtn degrades naked DNA

bacterium include
S, H, N

Answer 9

Transformation

deoxyribonuclease

strep pneumo, Hib, n men

Question 10

F+ plasmid contains genes for sex pilus/conjugation

bacteria without plasmid termed __

transfer of plasmid DNA, but not __

example of

Answer 10

F-

chromosomal DNA

F+ F- conjugation

Question 11

F+ plasmid incorporated into bacterial chromosomal DNA, called ___

transfer leading part of plasmid flanked by ___

recipient cell remains ___

example of

Answer 11

Hfr

chromosomal genes

F-

Hfr F- conjugation

Question 12

packaging event, phage infects bacteria and cleaves DNA

infects another bacterium, transferring DNA

transfer is

Answer 12

generalized transduction

Question 13

excision event, phage infects bacteria and DNA incorproates into chromosomes

DNA packed into capsid, and infects another bacterium

type of transmission

assc bacteria
ABCDs

Answer 13

specialized transmission

group A strep
botulinum
cholera
diptheria
shiga

Question 14

segment of DNA jumps from one location to another, transfering DNA from plasmid to chromosomal area

type of transmission

bacterial types

VRE/VRSA

Answer 14

transposition

Question 15

beta lactams are most affective against cell wall synthesis at which stage

Answer 15

log

Question 16

component found on only gram positive bacteria

Answer 16

teichoic acid

Question 17

Pseudomonas

gram __, __
non __
oxidase __

odor of __, color is ___

produces \_\_ for shock
\_\_ inactivates EF2
\_\_ degrades cell membranes
\_\_ generates ROS
mucoid \_\_\_

can result in E, D, O, O
may be associated w skin infections like ___

Answer 17

neg rod, aerobic
lactose fermenter
positive

grapes, blue/green

endotoxin
exotoxin a
phospholipase C
pyocyanin
polysaccharide capsule

ecythema gangrenosum, diabetes, osteoporos, OE
hot tub folliculitis

Question 18

bacterium does not produce superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase

type of organism

Answer 18

anaeorbe

Question 19

type of malaria that can cause latent infection

Answer 19

P ovale/vivax

Question 20

infection w enterovirus D68, outermost structure is __ produced in __ of host cell

Answer 20

capsid, cytoplasm