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Multisystem 1 > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

crushing substernal chest pain, radiating to left arm

ST elevation

dx
mechanism

A

AMI

plaque rupture w subsequent thrombus formation

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2
Q

gradual stenosis of atherosclerotic plaque seen in ___

worse w ____

A

stable angina

exertion

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3
Q

leads v1-v4 STEMI assc artery

leads 1 and avL

leads 2, 3, avF

A

LAD

LCX (lateral)

inferior (RCA)

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4
Q

unequal arm pressures, severe sudden pain, hx of HTN

dx is ___

may be assc w

A

aotic dissection

aortic regurgitation

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5
Q

preceding URI, chest pain better when leaning forward

ecg shows __ elevation and ___ depression

dx is

A

diffuse ST, PR

pericarditis

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6
Q

cardiogenic shock

CO is __, pulm edema w __ PA pressures, __ central venous presures, __ SVR

A

dec, inc, inc, inc

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7
Q

septic shock

svr is ___, CO is ___

A

dec, inc

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8
Q

younger pt, post URI, lung crackles, inc JVP, S3

dx is ____
direct cytotoxicity as a result of ___ into ____

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

receptor mediated entry of virus, cardiac myocytes

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9
Q

Preserved EF, lung crackles, orthopnea, PND, edema

ecg shows hypertrophy

dx is ___, __ dysfxn

mechanism: inability of __ to fill at normal __ pressures

A

dilated cardiomyopathy, diastolic dysfxn

LV, LA

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10
Q

most common cause of HF

EF is ___

this is __ dysfxn

A

dec contractility of LV

decreased

systolic

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11
Q

unequal pulse, HTN, young person

dx is

A

coarctation of aorta

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12
Q

hx of cancer/recent infection/pulsus paradoxus, dec heart sounds, inc JVD

dx is __ or ____

A

pericardial effusion/tamponade

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13
Q

palpitations/syncope, young person, no murmur

dx is ___

look for __ and __ on EKG
may have long ___

A

WPW
short PR, delta wave
QT

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14
Q

vertebrobasilar sx, arm exercise problems, unequal bp/pulse

dx is

A

subclavian steal syndrome

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15
Q

young woman, HTN, abdominal bruit

dx is

A

fibromuscular dysplasia

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16
Q

Post MI

immediate death due to

A

arrhythmia

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17
Q

post mi

3-10 days later, new MR murmur

ruptured

A

papillary muscle

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18
Q

3-10 days post MI, holosystolic murmur at LLSB

ruptured ___

A

interventricular septim

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19
Q

3-10 days post MI, signs of tamponade

ruptured ___

A

LV free wall

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20
Q

several weeks post MI, fever, pleuritic CP, rib

dx is ___

A

dressler’s syndrome

21
Q

visual sx, NV, ECG changes

med SE is

A

digoxin

22
Q

angioedema/cough

SE of medicine ___

A

ace inhibitor

23
Q

lupus like syndrome, antihistone antibodies

med causing sx is

A

hydralazine

24
Q

high K, gynecomastia

med causing sx

A

spironolactone

25
Q

crescendo/decrescendo systolic murmur at LLSB

inc w valsalva

dx is ___

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

26
Q

apical holosystolic murmur radiation to axilla, LVH, pulmonary congesion

murmur is __

A

mittral regurgitaton

27
Q

pregnant woman, prominen A wave, crackles in lungs, sternal heave, diastolic murmur at apex

murmur is

A

mitral stenosis

28
Q

continuous machinelike murmur, best heard at ___

bounding pulse, LV impulse

dx is ___
defect in __ embryology

tx w

A

left infraclavicular site

PDA
sixth aortic arch

nsaids

29
Q

IVDU, fever/chills, SOB, systolic murmur at LLSB, inc w inspiration

most common bacterial cause

A

staph aureus

30
Q

fixed split S2

murmur is

A

asd

31
Q

systolic murmur at LLSB, inc w inspiration

murmur is

A

TR

32
Q

newborm, CHF, holosystolic murmur at L4ICS, dynamic precordium

murmur is

A

VSD

33
Q

RUSB, SEM, chest pain, syncope, SOB

murmur is

A

as

34
Q

baby w downs, CHF sx

defect in __ or ___

A

av canal/av septum

35
Q

AAA repair, replacing w synthetic graft

risk of ischemia to ___

A

sigmoid colon

36
Q

young asian boy, joint swelling, fissured lips, red tongue, cervical LAN

dx is

complication w out tx

A

kawasaki dz

coronary artery occlusion

37
Q

post URI, young kid, fever, rash on trunk w sharp borders

knees/wrists painful, shin nodules, chorea movements

dx is ____
late complication

A

RF

valvular heart dz

38
Q

post radiation, inc JVP, lower extremity edema, dec EDV and inc EDP in both ventricles

dx is __ or ___

A

constrictive pericarditis/restrictive cardiomyopathy

39
Q

poorly controlled HTN, S4 present, inc BUN/creatinine ratio

cause of worsened BP

A

progressive stenosis of renal arteris

40
Q

dull, frontal HA, elevated BP, high Na, low K

cause is

A

aldosterone overproduction

41
Q

HTN pt, LE swelling

med cause is __
such as __ or ___

A

CCB

amlodipine/nifedipine

42
Q

Doxorubicin/trastuzumab

SE is ___, or ____

A

CHF, dilated cardiomyopathy

43
Q

Amiodarone se (4)

A

pulm fibrosis, thyroid dysfxn, inc Qt, pt turns blue

44
Q

Hand grip inc ___

inc intensity of __ and __ and ___

dec __ and __ murmurs

MVP occurs ____

A

afterload

MR/AR/VSD

HCM/AS

later

45
Q

valsalva dec ___

dec intensity of ___
inc intensity of ___

MVP occurs ___

A

prelod

most murmurs
HCM

earlier

46
Q

squatting inc ___ and ___ and ___

dec intenstiy of ___
inc intensity of __, __ and __ murmurs

MVP occurs ____

A

venous return, preload/afterload

HCM
AS/MR/VSD

later

47
Q

systolic heart sounds

__/__ stenosis
__/__ regurg

__/__/__ also

A

A/P
M/T

VSD/HCM/MVP

48
Q

diastolic heart sounds

__/__ regurg

__/__ stenosis

A

A/P

M/T

Multisystem 1 (21 decks)

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