CV

Question 1

Shock defined as ___

Warm extremities indicates dec ___

w fever, indicates ___

w urticaria/pruritis indicates __

w bradycardia indicates ___

Answer 1

SBP <90

SVR

septic shock

anaphylaxis

neurogenic shock

Question 2

Shock w cold extremities indicates ___

w normal respirations, indicates ___

w crackles/ inc JVD (ie __) indicates ___

Answer 2

inc SVR

hypovolemic shock

pulm edema
cardiogenic shock

Question 3

effect of nitroglycerin on

HR
myocardial contractility
myocardial oxygen consumption

Answer 3

inc
no effect
dec

Question 4

leg skin is dry/itchy/swollen
history of hyperTN and diabetes

condition caused by

Answer 4

venous HTN and incompetent valves

Question 5

diffuse ST elevation, wide PR
improves w sitting.leaning forward

condition is

Answer 5

pericarditis

Question 6

acute hemolytic transfusion rxn caused by

may have ___

Answer 6

blood mismatch

oozing from IV

Question 7

anaphylactic transfusion rxn casued by

Answer 7

anti-IgA antibodies

Question 8

Febrile, non hemolytic transfusion rxn caused by

Answer 8

cytokines stored in blood

Question 9

TRALI caused by

Answer 9

lung PMN sequestration and activation

Question 10

HFrER

natriuretic peptides include __ and ___

result in dec __ and __ and ___

Answer 10

ANP and BNP

symp tone, BP, vasopressin

Question 11

HFrER

SNS peptides include __ and __

inc __ and __ and ___

Answer 11

epinephrine/norEPI

RAAS, HR, cardiac contractility

Question 12

HFrER

RAAS includes __ and __ and ___

inc __ and __ and ___

Answer 12

renin, AT2, aldosterone

symp tone, VP, vasopressin

Question 13

AR regurgitation can lead to ____ sound

Answer 13

late diastolic sound at apex

Question 14

common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy w S3 at apex

Answer 14

myocyte damage from viral entry into cells

Question 15

A fib primary tx

Answer 15

Beta adrenergic blockade

Question 16

overweight individual, high Total cholesterol, low HDL, high LDL and triglycerides

pharm tx

mehanism

Answer 16

sttins

HMG-CoA reducatse inhibition

Question 17

young pt w audible splitting of S2 w inspiration is

Answer 17

normal

Question 18

Cardiac tmponade

kussmaul sign
pulsus paradoxus
S3

ECG shows ___ and ___

Echo- ___ collapses
equalization of ___

Answer 18

absent
present
absent

low voltage, electrical alternans

RA
diastolic pressures

Question 19

Constrictive pericarditis

kussmaul sign is __
pulsus paradoxus is
S3

ECG shows ___

Echo: Pericardial ___
inc early ____

Answer 19

present
possible
absent

low voltage

calcification
diastolic filling

Question 20

RV infarct

kussmaul sign is
pulsus paradoxus
S3

ECG shows __ or __

Echo shows __

Answer 20

possible
rare
possible

inferior ischemia/infarct

RV dilation

Question 21

Pulm ebolism

kussmaul sign
pulsus paradoxus
S3 i

ECG shows __ and __ and __

echo w ___

Answer 21

possible
rare
possible

S1 Q3 T3

RV dilation

Question 22

cyanotic infant, loud single second heart sound

does not improve w o2

defect is

Answer 22

transposition of GA

Question 23

pt considering pregnancy, currently treated w lisinopril

recommendation

Answer 23

stop lisinopril and start methyldopa

Question 24

pt w heart failure, edema of the extremities to the mid shin

drug causing this finding

Answer 24

amlodipine