syncope Flashcards
1
Q
labs
A
troponin D-dimer CBC blood glucose EKG UCG head CT BNP ECHO tox screen
2
Q
syncope def
A
Abrupt, transient complete loss of consciousness and postural tone
3
Q
To remain conscious, the following are needed:
A
Organized cortical electrical activity Glucose Oxygen Functional delivery system for O2 and glucose: -Adequate and open vascular conduits -Adequate BP
4
Q
ddx
A
Hypotension (most common cause) Poor filling, low EDV Insufficient emptying , elevated ESV Heart rate disorders Vasodilation Generalized seizures (electrical activity) Hypoxemia Obstructed vascular conduits
5
Q
more specific ddx
A
Dysrhythmia* Pulmonary embolism Hypoglycemia Neurocardiogenic syncope* Dehydration* Seizure* Medications *
6
Q
Life Threatening ddx
A
Dysrhythmia/cardiogenic syncope Pulmonary Embolism Hypoglycemia Seizure Hypoxemia stroke: TIA, CVA
7
Q
neurocardiogenic causes
A
Lightheadedness Anxiety Nausea Dehydration Diaphoresis Fear Prolonged standing RAPID NORMALIZATION OF CONSCIOUNESS ABSENCE OF HEART DISEASE
8
Q
cardiogenic
A
Syncope secondary from disorder arising from the heart
Arrhythmias
-Most tachyarrythmias will not cause syncope due to AV node controlling limit of contraction
Valvular heart disease
Heart disease (HF or CAD)
Pre-existant cardiac condition increases risk
Exertional syncope or supine more likely to be from cardiac origin
9
Q
testing
A
Orthostatic BP ECG/EKG Echocardiogram CBC, BMP, Serum Mag CT head Pregnancy test Vascular doppler of LE CXR Invasive EP studies
10
Q
syncope
A
Diaphoresis Chest pain Palpitations Dyspnea CAD Syncope with prolonged standing
Convulsive syncope
11
Q
seizure
A
Tongue cut
Head turning
Posturing
Loss of bladder control
Postictal confusion >1min
12
Q
syncope tx
A
IV fluids
Anti-dysrhythmic
Anxiolytic
Lifestyle modifications
13
Q
pts dx
A
a fib
