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Pharmacology > Sympathomimetics > Flashcards

Sympathomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

Define sympathomimetics

A

Drugs with actions similar to that of adrenaline or of sympathetic stimulation

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2
Q

List the direct sympathomimetics

A
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3
Q

List the indirect sympathomimetics

A
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4
Q

List the mixed action sympathomimetics

A
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5
Q

Do all sympathomimetic drugs activate the adrenergic receptors by the same degree ?

A
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6
Q

sympathomimetic drugs chemically are what

A

Catecholamines
Non-catecholamines

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7
Q

List the catecholamines

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Isoproterenol
Dopamine

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8
Q

Catecholamines are characterized by what?

A
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9
Q

Compare between catecholamine and non-catecholamine

A
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10
Q

Explain the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of epinephrine (adrenaline)

A
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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of epinephrine

A

It activates all alpha and beta adrenoreceptors

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12
Q

Explain the effect of epinephrine on CVS

A

Increase heart rate
Increase force of contraction
Increase systolic pressure due to positive inotropic and chronotropic effects
Decrease in diastolic pressure
Increase coronary blood flow due to high cardiac work

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13
Q

Explain the effect epinephrine has on respiration

A
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14
Q

Explain the effect epinephrine has on the eye

A

Myadriasis due to contraction of dilator papillae muscle (alpa 1)

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15
Q

Explain the metabolic effects of epinephrine

A
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16
Q

List the therapeutic uses of epinephrine

A

Anaphylactic shock
Acute bronchospasm
Cardiac arrest
With local anesthetics

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17
Q

Explain anaphylactic shock

A
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18
Q

How to treat anaphylactic shock

A
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19
Q

How to treat cardiac arrest

A
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20
Q

How is epinephrine used with local anesthetic

A
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21
Q

What are the adverse effects of epinephrine

A
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22
Q

What are the contraindications of epinephrine

A
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23
Q

Explain nor-epinephrine

A
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24
Q

Explain dopamine

A
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25
Q

What will happen in low dose of dopamine

A
26
Q

What will happen in intermediate dose of dopamine

A
27
Q

What will happen in high dose of dopamine

A
28
Q

Does dopamine penetrate BBB

A

No → no CNS effect

29
Q

What is the therapeutic use of dopamine?

A
30
Q

Give example of selective B1 agonist

A

Dobutamine

31
Q

Explain dobutamine

A
32
Q

What is the pharmacological effect of dobutamine

A
33
Q

What is therapeutic uses of dobutamine

A

Cardiogenic shock
Short-term management of severe CHF

34
Q

Give example of selective B2 agonist

A
35
Q

Which B2 selective agonist have short duration of action and which have long duration of action

A
36
Q

What will happen in high doses of selective B2 agonist

A
37
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of selective B2 agonists

A
38
Q

What are the adverse effects of selective B2 agonists

A
39
Q

Give example of non-selective B agonist

A

Isoprenaline = isoprotrenol

40
Q

Explain Isoprenaline

A
41
Q

What is the therapeutic use of isoprenaline

A
42
Q

What are the adverse effects and toxicity in isoprenaline

A
43
Q

Explain phenylephrine

A
44
Q

What are the uses of phenylephrine

A
45
Q

Explain Xylometazoline and Oxymetazoline

A
46
Q

What are the adverse effects and precautions of alpha adrenoceptors

A
47
Q

What is clonidine

A
48
Q

Explain fenoldopam

A
49
Q

What is the use of fenoldopam

A
50
Q

Give example of indirect acting sympathomimetics

A

Amphetamine and its derivatives

51
Q

Explain the mechanism of indirect acting sympathomimetics

A
52
Q

What is the relation between sports and amphetamine

A
53
Q

What is the therapeutic use of indirect acting sympathomimetics

A
54
Q

What are the side effects of amphetamine

A
55
Q

What does cocaine do

A
56
Q

Give example of mixed acting sympathomimetics

A

Ephedrine

57
Q

What is ephedrine

A
58
Q

What makes ephedrine mixed actin sympathomimetic

A
59
Q

What is the therapeutic use of ephedrine

A
60
Q

What is pseudoephedrine

A

Pharmacology (25 decks)

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