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PPQ Learning > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Features of venous insufficiency?

A

Oedema
Brown pigmentation
Lipodermatosclerosis
Eczema

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2
Q

Location and important feature of venous leg ulcers?

A

Ankle
Painless

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3
Q

What is Deep venous Insufficiency related?

A

Previous DVT

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4
Q

Superficial venous insufficiency assoc with what?

A

Varicose veins

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5
Q

Doppler US looks at what?

A

Reflux

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6
Q

Duplex US looks at?

A

Anatomy and flow of vein

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7
Q

Managemnet of venous leg ulcer?

A

4 layer compression banding

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8
Q

If a venous ulcer fails to heal after 12 weeks or >10 cm 2 what might be required?

A

Skin grafting

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9
Q

Venous ulcers are mostly due to?

A

Venous HT
Secondary to chronic venous insufficiency

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10
Q

Pathology of venous ulcer?

A

Capillary fibrin cuff
Leucocyte sequestration

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11
Q

What is Marjolin’s ulcers?

A

SCC

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12
Q

Where do Marjolin’s ulcers occur?

A

Sites of chronic inflammation
Mainly lower limb

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13
Q

Arterial ulcers occur where?

A

Toes and heel

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14
Q

Appearance of arterial ulcers?

A

Deep, punched out appearance

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15
Q

Which type of ulcer is painful?

A

Arterial

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16
Q

Arterial ulcer description?

A

Toe/heel
Cold, no pulse
Painful
Deep punched out appearance

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17
Q

ABPI measurements of arterial ulcer?

A

LOW

18
Q

Neuropathic ulcers location?

A

Plantar surface of metatarsal head and plantar surface of hallux

19
Q

What are neuropathic ulcers due to and what can they commonly result in?

A

Pressure
Amputation

20
Q

Screening for AAA?

A

Single US males aged 65<

21
Q

Takaysu’s arteritis?
Who?, features?

A

Young asian females
Pulseless peripheries

22
Q

What is subclavian steel syndrome?

A

Stenosis or occlusion of subclavian artery

This results in increased metabolic need of arm, then resulting in retrograde flow and symptoms of CNS vascular insufficiency

23
Q

Aortic dissection presentation?

A

Chest pain (ascendingA: anterior, descendingA: back)
Widening aorta on x-ray

24
Q

Diagnosing aortic dissection?

A

CT

25
Q

Cervical rib explanatoin?

A

Supernumery fibrous band arising from 7th cervical vertebra

26
Q

Treatment of Takayasu’s arteritis/large vessel granuomatous vasculitis?

A

Systemic roids

27
Q

What type of patient is coarctation of aorta common in?

A

BOYS/GIRLS with Turner’s

28
Q

Man with AAA>5.5cm?

A

Surgical repair

29
Q

Acute limb threatening ischaemia presentation?

A

6 P’S
-Pale
-Pulseless
-Pain
-Paralysis
-Paraesthesia
-Perishingly cold

30
Q

Peripheral arterial disease with critical limb ischaemia (long segment lesions, multifocal lesions) management?

A

Open surgical techniques (open bypass graft)

31
Q

Investigation for possible varicose veins/chronic venous insufficiency?

A

Venous duplex US

32
Q

InvX in patients with sus acute limb ischaemia?

A

Doppler examination of pulses

33
Q

All patients with PAD should take what?

A

Clopidogrel
Atorvastatin

34
Q

Common RF for embolic acute limb ischaemia?

A

AFib

35
Q

Short segment stenosis is what?

A

<10cm stenosis

36
Q

If someone has a cold, painful left hand and forearm?

A

Axillary artery embolus

37
Q

Odd discomfort/sensation when manual tasks are performed with hand working overhead>

A

Cervical rib

38
Q

Management for an aneurysm which is enlarging?

A

Urgent endovascular aneurysm repair

39
Q

Initial management of acute limb ishcaemia includes what?

A

Analgesia
IV heparin
Vascular review

40
Q

Claudication affecting femoral vessels is likely to present how?

A

Calf pain

41
Q

Iliac claudication presents how?

A

Buttock pain

42
Q
A

PPQ Learning (30 decks)

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