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PPQ Learning > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Management for individuals who have severe acne + scarring, who have tried combined topical treatment with oral AB and had no effect?

A

Refer to dermatology
Oral isotretinoin should be considered

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2
Q

What is the dimple sign associated with?

A

Dermatofibromas (common benign fibrous nodules)

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3
Q

Grave’s disease + peau d’orange?

A

Pretibial myxoedema

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4
Q

What is pellegra?

A

Vitamin B3 deficiency

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5
Q

What is the presentation of pellegra?

A

4 D’s
Diarrhoea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Death

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6
Q

What drug can induce pellegra?

A

Isoniazid

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7
Q

What is erthema ab igne ?

A

Rash caused by hot water bottles or open fire (infrared radiation)

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8
Q

What bacteria causes molluscum?

A

Poxvirus

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9
Q

What should you use in moderate-severe acne?

A

Topical adapalene + topical benzoyl peroxide
Topical tretinoin + topical clindamycin
Topical adapalene + benzoyl peroxide + oral lymecycline or doxy
Topical azelaic acid + oral lymecycline or doxy

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10
Q

1st line for chronic plaque psoriasis?

A

Topical potent corticosteroid + vitamin D analogue

2nd line: vitamin D analogue twice daily
3rd line: coal tar preparation once daily

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11
Q

What is pityriasis versicolour?

A

Fungal infection
-Light patches on trunk, can be mildly pruritic

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12
Q

Slow growing lesion on sun exposed skin?

A

Bowen’s disease

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13
Q

Treatment of Bowen’s disease?

A

Topical 5-Fluorouracil

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14
Q

Presentation of lichen planus?

A

5 P’s : planus

Purple
Pruritic
Papular
Polgonal rash

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15
Q

Painful skin condition causing multiple abscesses over areas containing apocrine sweat glands?

A

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

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16
Q

Where is venous ulcer typically found?

A

Above medial malleolus

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17
Q

Management of venous ulceration?

A

Compression bandaging
Oral pentoxyfylline (peripheral vasodilator) improves healing rate

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18
Q

Causative organism of eczema herpeticum?

A

HSV
Uncommonly coxsackie virus

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19
Q

Treatment of rosacea?

A

Topcial ivermectin + oral doxy = first line for severe papules/pustules

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20
Q

Features suggestive that a lipoma could be liposarcoma?

A

Size >5cm
Increasing size
Pain
Deep anatomical location

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21
Q

If a patient has lots of cold sores recently for the first time what are they at risk of?

A

Eczema herpeticum (HSV-1)

Punched out vesicular lesions

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22
Q

Dermatophyte nail infections management?

A

Oral terbinafine

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23
Q

Patient with dermatitis in acral, peri-prificial and perianal distriution?

A

Zinc deficiency

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24
Q

What drugs can exacerbate plaque psoriasis?

A

Beta blockers

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25
Treatment of impetigo?
Topical fusidic acid if hydrogen peroxide not suitable
26
Treatment for pityriasis versicolor?
Topical ketoconazole
27
Treatment for facial hirsuitism?
Topical eflornithine
28
Is pregnancy and topical isotretinoin okay?
NoPe
29
Diagnose this skin condition: A 72-year-old man is investigated for weight loss. On examination he is deeply jaundiced and cachectic. He also has a dark velvety lesion coating his tongue. What do we think he'll have?
Acanthosis Nigricans
30
What could trigger the growth of a pyogenic granuloma?
Traumaaaa
31
What type of tumour would you find on the sole of the foot or under a nail?
Amelanotic melanoma
32
Scaly papular rash 2 weeks post URTI, what is it likely?
Guttate Psoriasis
33
What is Toxic epidermal necrolysis and what drugs are highly associated with it?
Extensive, blistering, and necrotic rash -Phenytoin -Sulphonamides -Allopurinol -Penicillins -Carbamazepine -NSAIDs
34
Uncircumcised man with tight white ring around tip of the foreskin + phimosis?
Lichen sclerosis
35
Long term treatment of psoriasis?
Calcipotriol
36
Treatment of lichen planus?
Potent topical steroids (topical clobetasol)
37
Treatment for keloid scarring?
Intra-lesional steroids
38
Treatment of acne vulgaris in pregnancy?
Oral erythromycin + topical azelaic acid
39
What do you use to assess the extent of a burn?
Wallace's rule of 9's Head + neck = 9% Each arm = 9% Each anterior part of leg = 9% Each posterior part of leg = 9% Anterior chest = 9% Posterior chest = 9% Anterior abdomen = 9% Posterior abdomen = 9%
40
What rash can primary herpes infection lead to?
Erythema multiforme
41
No mucosal involvement in blistering rash in elderly person?
Bullous pemphigoid
42
If a dermal burn has blanching erythema what does that indicate?
A more superficial dermal burn If it were more deep , you would expect it not to blanch due to dermal vessel damage and extravasation of blood
43
Mild/moderate acne treatment?
12 week course of topical combo therapy
44
Moderate to severe acne treatment?
12 week course of -Topical adapalene + topical benzoyl peroxide -Topic tretinoin + topical clindamycin -Topical adapalene + topical benzoyl peroxide + oral lymecycline/doxy -Topical azelaic acid + oral lymecycline/doxycycline
45
Should you use erythromycin in pregnancy?
Yesss (psych made you think)
46
What is dermatitis herpetiformis?
AI blistering disorder associated with coeliac disease Caused by deposition of IgA in the dermis
47
Treatment of rosacea with predominant flushing + limited telangiectasia?
Brimonidine gel
48
Treatment of rosacea for patients with papules and/or pustules?
Topical ivermectin + oral doxy
49
Best way to assess burns area for giving a patient fluids?
Lund and Browder chart
50
If simple analgesia and neuropathic analgesia aren't working in shingles what can you give?
Corticosteroids (but only for acute)
51
Target lesions?
Erythema multiforme
52
What is seborrhoeic dermatitis thought to be due to?
A reaction to malassezia furfur
53
Treatment of athlete's foot?
Topical miconazole
54
Treatment of lice?
Malathion
55
Treatment of acintic keratosis?
Diclofenac 5-Fluroouracil Imiquimod
56
What is erysipelas
Localised skin infection caused by strep pyogenes Treat with fluclox
57
What is the benefit of giving antivirals in shingles?
Reduces the incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia
58
What should you advise when prescribing steroids topiclaly in psoriasis?
Breaks of 4 week sbetween courses
59
Risk most associated with Psoralen +UVA therapy (PUVA)?
SCC
60
Acne bacteria?
Propionibacterium acnes
61
Adults with burns greater than ____% of their body will require IV Fluids?
15%
62
How are fluids calculated for burns?
Parkland formula = vol of fluid = TBSA of burn % x weight (kg) x 4
63
What type of burns should be transferred to burns unit?
Complex burns Burns involving hand, perineum and face >10% in adults and >5% in kids
64
What conditions can predispose to pyoderma gangrenosum?
IBD RA SLE Myeloproliferative Lymphoma Myeloid leukaemias Monoclonal gammopathy GWPA Primary biliary cirrhosis
65
What do antibodies target in bullous pemphigus?
Desmosomes Antibodies target desmoglein 3
66
What condition do antibodies attack the basement membrane in?
Pemphigoid
67
Demographics of pemphigus + features?
Younger people Flaccid, easily ruptured vesicles and bullae Mucosal ulceration
68
What condition is vitiligo associated with?
Alopecia arreat
69
Patient with acute onset erythematous papules/plaques + fine scaling, preceeded by streptococcal infection?
Guttate psoriasis
70
Treatment of eczema herpeticum?
IV antivirals
71
Treatment for shingles?
Oral antiviral within 72 hours of onset 1st line: Oral Famciclovir or valacyclovir 2nd line: Oral aciclovir
72
Who are keloid scars most common in?
Black men
73
What causes oedema post-burn?
Hypoalbuminaemia -Loss of plasma proteins from burn wound and reduced synthesis due to liver dysfunction Albumin crucial for maintaining oncotic pressure within vascular system
74
Intensely itchy rash on palms and soles of feet?
Pomphylox
75
What cell is involved in allergic contact dermatitis?
T lymphocytes (delayed type IV reaction)
76

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