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PPQ Learning > Haematology > Flashcards

Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

Cells present in blood film of coeliac?

A

Howell- Jolly bodies & Target cells

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2
Q

AB for neutropenic sepsis?

A

Piperacillin with tazobactam (tazocin)

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3
Q

What do you do for a cancer patient with a VTE?

A

6 months of DOAC (rivaroxaban)

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4
Q

Starry sky pattern on lymph node biopsy?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma subtype

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5
Q

What drug offers benefits alongside chemo in patients with non-hodgkins?

A

Rituximan

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6
Q

Prophylactic management of sickle cell anaemia?

A

Hydroxyurea

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7
Q

Stage 1 of staging scale for Hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Stage1: Single lymph node
Ann-Arbor scale

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8
Q

What is stage 2 H. Lymphoma?

A

2 or more lymph nodes/regions on same side of diaphragm

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9
Q

Stage 3 ann arbor scale?

A

Nodes on both side of diaphragm

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10
Q

Stage 4 of Ann ARbor scale?

A

Spread past lymph nodes

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11
Q

What is thrombocytosis?

A

Abnormally high platelet count (>400)

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12
Q

Causes of thrombocytosis?

A

Stress (surgery, iron deficiency)
Malignancy
Essential thrombocytosis
Hyposplenism

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13
Q

Management of thrombocytosis?

A

Hydroxyurea
Interferon - a
Low dose aspirin

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14
Q

Fever, chills, hypoT and back pain following blood transfusion?

A

Acute haemolytic reaction

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15
Q

Management of Transfusion associated circulatory overload?

A

Slow rate of transfusion and give IV furosemide with O2

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16
Q

Respiratory distress, HT, oedema following transfusion?

A

TACO

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17
Q

Presentation of multiple myeloma?

A

CRABBI

-Calcium: hypercalcaemia
- Renal: Light chain deposition within renal tubules (dehydration and thirst)
- Anaemia:
- Bleeding: Pain, path fractures
-Infection: Reduction of normal immunoglobulins

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18
Q

If fluids, analgesia and oxygen don’t help a patient in chest crisis what should you do?

A

Exchange transfusion

This reduces number of sickle red cells and increases number of normal red cells

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19
Q

Which type of hodgkins lymphoma has the best prognosis?

A

Lymphocyte predominant

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20
Q

Most common leukaemia in adults in western world?

A

Chronic lymphocytic leaukaemia

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21
Q

Characteristics of CLL?

A

Peripheral blood lymphocytosis
Uncontrolled proliferation of small, mature lymphocytes in bone marrow, nodes and spleen

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22
Q

Bacteria that is the most common cause of neutropenic sepsis?

A

S, Epidermis (assoc with central line infections)

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23
Q

What is idarucizumab?

A

Reversal agent of dabigatran

24
Q

Most common inherited thrombophilia?

A

Activated protein C resistance factor (Factor V Leiden)

25
Q

Prolonged APTT?

A

VWB Disease

26
Q

What type of transfusion is anaphylaxis most common in?

A

Plasma rich blood products such as FFP, cryoprecitate and platelets

27
Q

Who gets acute intermittent prophyria?

A

Young women
-Can be precipitated by ABs, hormonal contraception, barbiturates and seizure meds

28
Q

First line treatment of acute intermittent porphyria?

A

IV Haem arginate (acts to reduce the overproduction of delta- aminolevulnic acid)

29
Q

Preventative medication for tumour lysis syndrome?

A

IV rasburicase or
IV Allopurinol

30
Q

First line treatment of polycythaemia vera?

A

Aspirin

31
Q

Which type of hodgkins lymphoma has the worst prognosis?

A

Lymphocyte depleted

31
Q

Treatment for women with past VTE and pregnancy?

A

Aspirin + LMWH

31
Q

Abdominal pain, constipation, neuropsychiatric features, basophilic stippling?

A

Lead poisoning

32
Q

Sudden anaemia + low reticulocyte count indicates what?

A

Parovirus

33
Q

Rate a unit of RBCs is usually transferred in a non-urgent scenario?

A

90-120 mins

34
Q

Unexplained petechiae or hepatosplenomegaly in 0-24 year old?

A

Special assessment for leukaemia

35
Q

How long should the treatment of an unprovoke VTE last?

A

6 months

36
Q

1st line InvgX for multiple myeloma?

A

Full body MRI

37
Q

Signs of poor prognosis for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Increasing age
Male
Stage IV disease
Lymphocyte depleted subtype
B symptoms

38
Q

Fever and chills following transfusion of packed RBCs, hypotensive + abdominal pain ?

A

Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction
Stop transfusion, administer IV fluids

39
Q

AB of choice for neutropenic sepsis? + how that would present?

A

Tazocin

Fever, rash, flue-like symptoms

40
Q

Chronic myeloid leukaemia treatment?

A

Imatinib

41
Q

Tear drop poilikocytes on blood film?

A

Myelofibrosis

42
Q

Features of aplastic anaemia?

A

Normocytic anaemia
Leukoplania
Thrombocytopenia

43
Q

What drug can cause aplastic anaemia?

A

Phenytoin

44
Q

If someone has a macrocytic anaemia and RA, what should be on your mind for the reasoning of this?

A

Methotrexate induced folate deficiency resulting in macrocytic anaemia

45
Q

What is Richter’s transformation?

A

CLL transforms into more aggressive form of large cell lymphoma

Development of B symptoms and diagnosed with lymph node biopsy

46
Q

What can myelodysplasia progress to?

A

Acute myeloid leukaemia

47
Q

How does Factor V Leiden increase someone’s risk of VTE events?

A

Activated factor V is inactivated much more slowly by activated protein C

48
Q

What can malaria prophylaxis trigger?

A

Haemolytic Anaemia in people with G6PD deficiency

49
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia followed by anaemia and juandice with hepatosplenomegaly points towards what diagnosis?

A

Cold AI haemolytic anaemia

50
Q

Man with Hb below 110g what should you always do?

A

Upper and Lower endoscopy with 2 week wait

51
Q

Pancytopenia 5 years post chemo?

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome

52
Q

How is transexamic acid given?

A

IV Bolus followed by slow infusion

53
Q
A

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