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545 > surface EMG biofeedback > Flashcards

surface EMG biofeedback Flashcards

1
Q

motor unit

A

body, axon, end plate

smallest unit of movement the CNS can control

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2
Q

MUAP

A

motor unit action potential

excitatory stimulation to reach threshold of depolarization

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3
Q

Is measured action potential the contraction

A

no its a phenomenon

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4
Q

Ep testing

A

where neuro/mm abnormalities suspected. Not entry level

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5
Q

techniques of Ep evaluation

A

SD curves
evoked potentials (motor / sensory nerve conduction test)
EMG

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6
Q

motor nerve conduction test

A

indirect
estimates velocity of depolarization
measures mm action potential not the impulse

determines latency n velocity

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7
Q

latency

A

duration between impulse and mm response

estimates rate of travel along alpha motor neuron
# of motor units in evokes mm action potential
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8
Q

can latency calculate velocity

A

no

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9
Q

velocity estimates what

A

conduction velocity along peripheral motor nerves

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10
Q

how is velocity achieved

A

by measures two latencies (distal, and proximal)

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11
Q

residual latency

A

proximal minus distal +

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12
Q

difference sensory and motor evoked potentials

A

sensory smaller amplitude, single, negative phase. no delay (accurate latency)

motor are bi or trip phasic

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13
Q

sensory / motor testing can only be carried out___ over peripheral nerve

A

distally

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14
Q

to measure proximal conduction use ___

A

electronic reflex testing

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15
Q

two ways to do electronic reflex testing

A

H reflex

F wave

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16
Q

H reflex

A

electrically induced equivalent of tendon tap reflex

monosynpatic reflex arc
direct and latent

assess proximal nerve conduction

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17
Q

Abnormal h wave

A

other than triceps its hard to elicit

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18
Q

f wave

A

uses afferent / efferent components of same peripheral motor nerve

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19
Q

what measures proximal conduction

A

H reflex and F wave

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20
Q

difference in F and H

A

f wave is in most mm

H reflex in slow twitch mm

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21
Q

abnormal F wave

A

slower conduction of motor axons

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22
Q

centrally recorded evokes potentials

A

somatosensory evoked potentials
brainstems auditory evoked potential
visual evoked potentials

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23
Q

somatosensory evoked potentials

A

stimulate distal peripheral motor nerve to minimal motor threshold

Diagnose CNS disorder in early stage showing latency in central pathways

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24
Q

brainstem auditory evoked potentials

A

assess auditory pathways
used when demyelination, tumours are suspected
mostly be audiologists

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25
Q

visual evoked potentials

A

detects compromise of optic nerve in early stage of disease (i.e MS)

differentiates true and hysterical blindness

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26
Q

EMG / voluntary potentials

A

compares electrical action of mm at rest vs voluntary

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27
Q

Types of EMG electrodes

A

needle and surface

28
Q

__ amplitude seen before __ amplitudes in active contraction as force increases

A

smaller

larger

29
Q

is more than 500 usec rise time abnormal

A

yes

30
Q

is <60 per second normal in firing rate

A

yes

31
Q

is mm activity at rest normal

A

no

32
Q

whats discharge frequency

A

firing rate

33
Q

usual discharge frequency

A

5-15 per second

34
Q

whats normal discharge frequency

A

<60 per second

35
Q

electrical activity in mm is normal __ at rest

A

silent

36
Q

what happens to irritable mm vs fibrotic/ atrophied mm

A

increased insertional activity if irratable

37
Q

abnormal mm activity at rest suggests

A

neuropathy or myopathy

38
Q

what causes fibrillation potentials

A

motor nerve disruption

39
Q

types of abnormal mm activity

A

fibrillation potentials
postiive sharp waves
fasciculation potentials

40
Q

causes positive sharp waves

A

denervation or myopathy

41
Q

fasciculation potentials

A

spontaneous repetitive twitch like contraction

looks same as MUAP

42
Q

causes fasciculation potentials

A

alpha motor neuron disease
radiculopathies
entrapment neuropathies

43
Q

when is fasciculation potentials considered significant

A

if associated w pos sharp waves and fibrillation

44
Q

Recruitment of motor units

A

lowest threshold first
Type S
FR
FF

45
Q

type S motor units

A

slow contracting
fatigue resistant (type1)
small alpha motor neurone

46
Q

as force requirements increase, type S motor units ___ discharge frequency and __ motor units are recruits

A

increase more

47
Q

when stronger contractions are required the discharge frequency of type S and FR __

A

increase

48
Q

FR motor units

A

fast twitch
fatigue resistant
Type 2A slightly larger alpha motor neurone

49
Q

Type FF

A

fast twitch
readily fatiguable
2b and largest alpha motoneurons

50
Q

the third class of motor neurone recruited

A

Type FF

51
Q

the most common PT clinical application of EMG is

A

surface EMG biofeedback (SEMG BFB)

52
Q

SEMG BFB

A

detects and ample mm motor unit potential
surface electrodes
gives feedback info to client to inc/dec mm training

53
Q

SEMG BFB uses

A

improves control over defective mm action / coordination

imporoves control over stress related conditions

54
Q

commonly treated conditions SEMG BFB

A 
hemiplegia 
SCI partial 
spasticity
dystonic conditions
recovering peripheral nerve injuries
retraining mm
55
Q

candidate selection SEMG BFB

A 
condition 
cognition
motivation 
visual / auditory perception 
potential for improvement
56
Q

Is Guillain barre, post CVA suitable condition for SEMG BFB

A

yes

57
Q

how do you know if condition is suitable for SEMG BFB

A

weak
goes too much, too little too fast w motor control
reduced intrinsic feedback (sensory loss)
pain
stress or urge incontinece

58
Q

can you do SEMG BFB is neglect or aphasia

A

you need to consider how severe they are

59
Q

do you know someones potential for SEMG BFB right away

A

not always apparent need to trial the intervention

they need minimal voluntary control tho

60
Q

electrodes for SEMG BFB

A

larger for lower impedance and more signal
along mm fibres
on neutral site (bone or between two active sites)

61
Q

Leads on SEMG BFB

A

keep short and avoid movement to prefect artifact

62
Q

how to progression SEMG in uptraining

A

active to resisted to active
lower sensitive
move electrodes closer

63
Q

how to relax or down train SEMG BFB

A 
position
gravity assisted - resisted
functional task 
increase sensitivity
electrodes further
adjust threshold
64
Q

evaluating SEMF BFB

A

changes in EMG output , frequency of target goal, length of time to activity is sustained , time required to reach threshold

65
Q

when to use SEMF BFB

A

inc vastus medialis activity in knee extension or controlled flexion

reduce upper trap, scalene, TMJ, forehead activity

545 (34 decks)

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