inflammation Flashcards
5 cardinal signs of inflammation
Heat
Redness
Swelling
Pain
Loss of Function
goal of minimizing inflammation
minimize collateral damage
stop inflammatory process, down regulate inflammatory signal and get back to normal
why get rid of heat
increases cellular activity
why get rid of redness
its been theres vasodilation (increase in blood flow)
hyperaemia
why get rid of pain
its from pressure of swelling (mechanical) and chemical irrational of nerve
why get rid of swelling
swelling means increased osmotic pressure
and hydrostatic pressure in vessel
osmotic pressure is pulling or pushing
pulling
osmotic pressure
pulling
pressure to prevent flow of water across membrane via osmosis
hydrostatic
pushing
pressure on the walls
by systolic force
what mediates vasodilation
histamine
serotonin
what mediates increased vascular permeability
bradykinin
histamine
serotonin
what mediates chemotaxis
histamine
a bunch of kines
mono, kalli, lympho kines
what mediates fever response
prostaglandiins
what mediates pain
bradykinin
prostaglandins
hageman factor
if theres a vascular response, what changes in the area
vasodilation then constriction
slowing blood flood
accumulation of interstitial fluid
if theres a hemostatic response, what changes in the area
retraction / sealing off blood vessels
formation of platelet clots
if theres a cellular response, what changes in the area
leukocytes move to the area
if theres an immune response, what changes in the area
activation of complement system
purpose of ice
strong evidence it helps with pain
decrease metabolism of good cells, decrease secondary cell damage
T/F strong evidence ice helps with secondary cell death
moderate
purpose of rest
minimize further injury
purpose of compression
increase pressure in tissue
counteract hydrostatic pressure
purpose of elevation
reduce hydrostatic pressure in vessel
whats Peace and Love
Protect elevate avoid inflammations, modalities, compress, education
optimal loading, vascularization, exercise
is ice machine better than ice
same
goal of managing edema
reduce viscosity
thin out the snot
how to manage edema
soft tissue massage
electric
mm pumping
compression
how to manage swelling
facilitate resorption of fluid
soft tissue massage mm pump elect lympth draining compression
is normal intra articular pressure positive or negative
slightly negative
if injured, intraarticular pressure becomes
more positive
fluid moves in and out of joint through
synovial membrane (with movement) cartilage / bone interface
How to reduce intra articular pressure
joint movement
change joint pression (traction, compression)
Outcome measures to know if you’re doing good
VAS
circumferential measures
LEFS
MDC MCID
whats MDC
minimal detectable change
whats MCID
minimal clinically important difference
VAS
MCID
13mm for initial less than 34
28mm for initial score more than 67
what circumferential measure if MDC
> 0.5 cm
MDC in edema swelling volume
150ml
LEFS
MDC
MCID
9
9
DASH
MDC
MCID
8-17
10.2
