biomechanics of the foot

Question 1

T/f foot provides somatosensory input for feedback and feedforward movemetn

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

3 ways foot provides feedback

Answer 2

anatomical features (joints with different stability / mobility)

dissociated / selective movement (stability for mobility)

Feedback producing feedforward (to SC for right mm activity)

Question 3

normal walking speed

Answer 3

3.6-4.5 km/hour

60 strides/minute

Question 4

parts of gait

Answer 4

initial contaact
loading response
mid stance
terminal stance
swing`

Question 5

Initial contact wheres GRF, subtalar and what mm

Answer 5

GRF through posterior calcaneus
Subtalar joint in supinated
mm tib ant, EDL, EHL

Question 6

loading response

subtler

Answer 6

ankle begins to PF
subtler beings pronating
transfer load to lateral foot

Question 7

main supports during loading reponse

Answer 7

long and short plantar ligaments

Question 8

mm during loading response

Answer 8

gastrocs, soleus, TP, FDL, FHL

Question 9

midstance COM

Answer 9

Com traves from posterior postion to ankle joint axis (loading mid tarsal region)

COM travels lateral to medial foot

Question 10

at midstance lengthening and flattening of foot produced by

Answer 10

body weight - GRF
subtalar position 
DF at inter tarsal / tarsometatarsal joints
DF and inversion at 1 TMT
DF and eversion at 4/5 TMT
ST reaches max pronation and supinates

Question 11

midstanace mm activity

Answer 11

gastrocs / soleus
deep posterior tibial group
peroneii
lumbricals
FHL

Question 12

terminal stance subtler position

Answer 12

supination

Question 13

whats happening at terminal stance

Answer 13

TC PF
TMT PF
Toes extend
Plantar fascia tightens

Question 14

1 MTP terminal stance function

Answer 14

posterior glides

toe off occurs at 65 deg ext

Question 15

terminal stance mm activty

Answer 15

gastroc
soleus
peroneus longus / brevis
tib post
FHL
intrinsics

Question 16

functional tasks for walking

Answer 16

weight acceptance
single leg support
limb advancement
push off

Question 17

initiation of walking functional tasks

Answer 17

double leg support
get hip flexors going
let go of hip extensors

Question 18

functional tasks of contact phase of walking

Answer 18

heal contact to forefoot load
weight acceptation
shock absoption

Question 19

midstance functional tasks

Answer 19

single leg stance

from SLS progress pelvis and trunk

Question 20

what is most unstable position

Answer 20

terminal stance, propulsive phase

Question 21

movements of trunk

Answer 21

horizontal and vertical displacement

rotation

Question 22

T/f trunk is a determinant of gait

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

total rotational excursions is about __

Answer 23

7 degs

Question 24

where should shoulders be during the arm swing

Answer 24

neutral

Question 25

purpose of arm swing

Answer 25

counteract lateral instability

Question 26

indications for ortotics

Answer 26

take pressure of f injury
improve function of foot to decrease stress
balance intrinsic mm deformities

Question 27

are my orthotics ok

Answer 27

check knee tracking when on orthotics and off

extend 1st MTP to see resistance with and with our orthotic

patient supine see where 1 MTP extended is limited by orthotic