Supplements & Aids Flashcards

1
Q

Supplements for mass & strength gains

A

Creatine
Protein
BCAA
Glutamine
Nitric oxide
HMB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Creatine is found in

A

Fish
Poultry
Red meat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Creatine monohydrate

A

Most widely used form of creatine; recommended to cycle on/off over several weeks to maximize effectiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Creatine

A

Naturally occurring compound found in muscle that provides high energy phosphate group during intense, short-duration exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Proposed Mechanism of Action: Creatine

A

Increased intramuscular creatine & CP content
Greater CP resynthesis
Increased metabolic efficiency
Enhanced training adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Creatine performance benefits

A

Improved strength (20-25%), mass gains & work capacity
Improved quality of training & recovery
No benefit to endurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Supplemental protein can be useful for bodybuilders and high intensity/volume weightlifting up to

A

2g /kg of bodyweight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Protein intake post exercise or before bed reduces likelihood of

A

Catabolic activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Whey protein

A

Optimal post exercise protein due to rapid digestion and bioavailability; powerful antioxidants such as glutathione

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Casein

A

Optimal before bed due to slower digestion rate; rich in glutamine, reducing catabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

BCAAs include

A

Valine, leucine & isoleucine; accounts for 33% of protein in muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If daily protein requirements are met

A

BCAAs are only useful for long endurance bouts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

BCAAs serve as

A

Precursors to muscle building/immunity boosting amino acids glutamine & alanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Appears useful for stress states or immunosuppressed persons

A

Glutamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glutamine functions

A

Limits catabolism/drops in immune function in high volume endurance training
Aids gluconeogenesis when stores are depleted
Increases post exercise stores/recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For those with coronary heart disease, 6g /day will increase blood flow to heart and improve exercise tolerance

A

L Arginine

17
Q

L-arginine functions

A

Aids protein synthesis
Regulates growth hormone levels
Increases O2 delivery to heart
Precursor to NO - vasodilation

18
Q

L-arginine sources

A

Walnuts
Watermelon
Peanuts
Chocolate
Meat

19
Q

Beta-Hydroxy Beta-methylbutyrate

A

Metabolite of leucine serving anti-catabolic function
3g /day
Can be useful for previously sedentary adults starting exercise

20
Q

Synthetically produced variants of male sex hormones such as testosterone

A

Androgenic-anabolic steroids

21
Q

AAS Abuse risks

A

Aggression, mood swings, anxiety
Severe acne, hair loss
Deepening of voice
Breast development
Heart disease
Shrinkage of testes

22
Q

Weight loss supplement functions

A

Increase energy expenditure
Change carb metabolism
Suppress appetite
Increase fat metabolism/reduce storage
Limit fat absorption

23
Q

Caffeine

A

Acts on adenosine receptors; used for weight loss/performance

24
Q

Caffeine (250-700mg) provides

A

Improved focus/alertness
Reduced fatigue
Improved submaximal endurance effort

25
Ephedra Alkalines
Derived from plant compounds that mimic adrenal hormone activity; promote vasodilation
26
Ephedra is effective for acute weight loss but comes with serious risks
Heart attacks Hypertension Tachycardia Strokes Psychiatric symptoms Seizures GI distress
27
Synephrine (Bitter orange)
Ephedra substitue; little evidence shows effectiveness
28
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)
Fatty acid found in meat & dairy; may be useful for obese/diseased individuals for weight loss, lean mass retention & diabetes control
29
Green, black & oolong tea contain polyphenols that may:
Reduce fat storage Suppress fat cell creation Stimulate lipid oxidation Reduce inflammation
30
Research does not confirm usefulness of
Polyphenols
31
Prescribed weight loss drugs require
BMI over 30
32
Caffeine overconsumption can lead to
Excessive sweating Nervousness Unease/anxiety Upset stomach/vomiting Tolerance/dependence on compound
33
Orlistat blocks
Fat absorption by 30%
34
Belviq
Suppresses appetite
35
Contrave
Suppresses addictive cravings
36
Saxenda
Mimics satiety hormones
37
Phentermine
Appetite suppression