Kinetic Chain Flashcards
Form Closure
Efficiency of joint structures (how well a joint aligns); primarily consists of bones and connective tissues
Force Closure
Ability of soft tissue to maintain joint integrity; includes muscles and fascia
Kinetic Chain
Force transfer across body segments for efficient movement
Local Muscle Systems
Function in anticipatory manner to brace body segment for oncoming force; controls neutral joint position; isometric
Global Muscle Systems
Responsible for motion/regional stability; function in a phasic manner
Examples of local stabilizers
TVA, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal obliques
Global Mobilizers
Generate torque to produce movement; emphasis on movement in sagittal plane; contracts concentrically and absorbs impact
Concept of Function
Cooperation/coordination between bodily segments to manage environments and conditions efficiently without undue stress or restriction
Interactive Elements of Function
Form closure, force closure, motor control & emotional state
Motor Control
Proficiency of the neuromuscular system to anticipate and react to external stimuli; activation of motor units to produce movement via appropriate force
Training for Improved Function
Mobility, muscle balance, passive/active elements of stabilization, effective muscle activation, neuromuscular coordination
Dysfunction
Musculoskeletal deficiencies create poor posture & faulty movement patterns, leading to reduced efficiency and increased injury risk
What muscle relationship is responsible for local stability in a joint?
Agonist/antagonist
Smaller, internally-located muscles aid the ligaments in holding bony segments in place
Local systems
Phasic muscles activation pattern is
Not constant, cooperates with other muscles
Depending on variables like type of action and direction of force, global system muscles may
Aid in stability through phasic actions or function as global mobilizers
Global Stabilizers
Generate force to control ROM; contract eccentrically for deceleration and rotational control
Force closure supports deficiency of form closure by
increasing compressive force across joint surface to counter offsetting forces
What factors determine the mobility and stability of a motion segment?
Shape, structure & orientation of a joint
A joint most efficiently resists shear stress when it reaches a
Close-packed position
A close-packed position
Maximizes congruence of articulating surface and tension of associated ligaments
To suggest a person is functional means:
Proper symmetry is aligned in form/force closure
Efficient activation patterns are expressed by the CNS
Muscle balance is maintained in regional joints
Force transfer is uncompromised across the kinetic chain
