Obesity & Body Composition

Question 1

Hypertension is twice as common among

Answer 1

Obese adults

Question 2

Majority of diabetics are

Answer 2

Obese

Question 3

Obesity increases risk for cancer in

Answer 3

Colon, gallblader, prostate, kidneys, breast & uterine

Question 4

Sleep apnea, asthma and arthritis are more common among

Answer 4

Obese people

Question 5

Obesity increases risk for complications during

Answer 5

Pregnancy

Question 6

Essential body fat

Answer 6

Necessary fat present in nerve tissue, bone marrow & organs; loss below essential value compromises physiological function

Question 7

Essential body fat ranges

Answer 7

Male: 3-5%
Female: 11-14%

Question 8

Females carry more fat for greater

Answer 8

Hormonal/reproductive needs

Question 9

Roles of fat

Answer 9

Transports/stores vitamins & lipids
Forms cell membranes
Provides insulation/protection
Aids function in nervous system
Assists formation of hormones

Question 10

Subcutaneous fat

Answer 10

Layer of adipose beneath skin; largest storage site in body

Question 11

Intramuscular fat

Answer 11

Fat deposits stored in skeletal muscle tissue

Question 12

Visceral fat

Answer 12

Central body fat stored in abdomen around organs; highly metabolic

Question 13

Android storage

Answer 13

Central/apple shaped fat pattern
Greater risk of cardiometabolic disease

Question 14

Gynoid storage

Answer 14

Pear shaped pattern of storage in lower half of body surrounding hips, glutes & thighs

Question 15

Indirect methods of assessing BF%

Answer 15

Height/weight tables
BMI
Waist circumference
Waist:hip ratio

Question 16

Target body weight formula

Answer 16

Computation of ideal body weight for goal setting
Inputs current weight and desired BF%

Question 17

Using the target weight formula

Answer 17

Total weight x %BF (185 * .20)
Total weight - Fat mass (37 lbs)
Lean mass (148 lbs) * Desired %BF (15)
= 170.2

Question 18

Height weight tables were originally designed to

Answer 18

Predict mortality rates for insurance premiums

Question 19

Based on too many assumptions, height weight tables possess

Answer 19

Significant deficiencies

Question 20

BMI replaced

Answer 20

Height weight tables

Question 21

Major issues with height weight tables

Answer 21

Tissue composition not identified
Lean mass negatively affects disease prediction
Age variations not factored in

Question 22

BMI provides a single measure to

Answer 22

Predict risk for disease and premature mortality

Question 23

BMI does not measure

Answer 23

Body fat mass

Question 24

A single measurement for waist circumference can estimate the risk for

Answer 24

Cardio-metabolic disease, it examines visceral fat

Question 25

Waist circumference measurement is more useful when combined with

Answer 25

BMI

Question 26

Works better than BMI alone for predicting disease risk, but may actually be less effective than waist circumference independently

Answer 26

Waist:hip ratio

Question 27

Risk can be underestimated in waist:hip ratio measurement if a person has

Answer 27

High levels of lower body fat (gynoid), central obesity is skewed

Question 28

Clinical body composition assessments

Answer 28

Dual x-ray absorptiometry Hydrostatic weighing Air displacement plethysmography

Question 29

Field body composition assessments

Answer 29

Circumference measure Skinfold measure Bioelectrical impedance

Question 30

Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used in clinical settings to

Answer 30

Assess body tissue compartments, including body fat, bone mineral and lean tissue

Question 31

Hydrostatic weighing uses

Answer 31

Principle of buoyancy to estimate body composition

Question 32

Air displacement (Bod Pod) uses

Answer 32

Air displacement in a specialized chamber

Question 33

Circumference measures are easy to perform, require minimal equipment and are preferred for

Answer 33

Obese clients

Question 34

Skinfold measures are preferred for

Answer 34

Leaner clients

Question 35

Bioelectrical impedance (BIA)

Answer 35

Measures resistance to flow of electrical current through body