Supplements

Question 1

What are supplement companies not allowed to claim?

Answer 1

Cannot claim the ability to cure or treat a disease, but may claim to affect a physiological function

Question 2

Routes that supplements are delivered

Answer 2

Oral

Infusion - intravascular or intramuscular

Question 3

What 2 significant changes have occurred in the sport nutrition industry?

Answer 3

Increased production of multi-ingredient sports foods

Increased understanding of nutritional factors that affect performance

Question 4

Typical percentage of benefit derived from supplements

Answer 4

1-3%

Question 5

What should intravascular or intramuscular injections be classified as and what are the risks associated with these injections

Answer 5

Medical procedure (pharmaceutical activity)

Disease transmission and anaphylaxis (severe and/or potentially life threatening allergic reaction)

Question 6

What are examples of specialized foods

Answer 6

Bars, drinks, gels

Question 7

What are 2 examples of functional sports food

Answer 7

Sports drink containing caffeine

Sports bar containing creatine

Question 8

Ergogenic products that contain good evidence for their use

Answer 8

Creatine

Caffeine

Beta alanine

Bicarbonate

Beetroot juice/nitrate

Question 9

What is an ADRV

Answer 9

Anti Doping Rule Violation

Question 10

What are the goals of the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS)

Answer 10

To allow its athletes to focus on the sound use of supplements and specific sports foods as part of their specific nutrition plans

To ensure that supplements and sports foods are used correctly and appropriately to deliver maximum benefits to the immune system, recovery, and performance

To give its athletes the confidence that they receive cutting edge advice and achieve state of the art nutrition practices

To ensure that supplement use does not lead to an inadvertent doping offense

Question 11

Key points in regulation of supplements

Answer 11

No evaluations of effectiveness or safety prior to product entering the market

Law doesn’t include a requirement for a manufacturer to provide evidence of effectiveness or safety

Only way to remove a product from the market is after it is proven unsafe

Question of purity is of the utmost importance

Question 12

Questions to ask when an individual asks to take a supplement

Answer 12

1. Is the athlete’s current diet adequate, well balanced, and optimized for performance

If no, then modify diet
If yes, the proceed to question 2

2. Is the supplement safe
3. Is the supplement effective
4. Is the supplement legal within the sport/organization
5. Is it affordable

Question 13

How many subjects are required to detect a statistically significant difference in a study

Answer 13

150 subjects

Question 14

What supplement causes paresthesia

Answer 14

Beta Alanine

Question 15

What does Beta Alanine do

Answer 15

Works as an intracellular lactic acid buffer

Question 16

Recommended caffeine dosing amount

Answer 16

2-6 mg/kg one hour before training

Effects may last up to 4 hours

Question 17

What are very high caffeine consumption dosing levels and side effects

Answer 17

6-9 mg/kg

GI issues
Nausea or shakiness
Overstimulation which negatively impacts performance, sleep, and training

Question 18

What total amount of caffeine consumed can lead to a positive drug test

Answer 18

500 mg (6-8 cups of coffee) consumed within the past 2-3 hours

Question 19

Potential benefits of caffeine

Answer 19

Decreased pain and perception of fatigue

Decreased perceived exertion

Improved performance in endurance and sustained high intensity training or competition

Increased body coordination, ability to focus, and concentration

Question 20

Supplements are defined as

Answer 20

Food

Question 21

Supplements are regulated by what organization and what act

Answer 21

FDA

Good Manufacturing Practices

Question 22

Glycerol is classified as what type of supplement

Answer 22

Group A (supported for use in specific situations in sport using evidence based sports)