Extreme Environments

Question 1

When exposed to extreme external heat temperatures, how will the body respond

Answer 1

The sympathetic nervous system will stimulate changes in the blood flow to the skin to result in vasodilation and initiate cooling mechanisms

Induction of heat loss

Question 2

When the external temperature is greater than the core body temperature, how does the body’s cooling systems react

Answer 2

The ability to cool by radiation decreases

If high humidity is also present, the body’s ability to cool through evaporation is also hampered

Question 3

Symptoms of heat exhaustion

Answer 3

Fainting

Anxiety

Dizziness

Question 4

Symptoms of exertional heat stroke

Answer 4

Multi-organ failure

CNS abnormalities

Delirium

Convulsions

Brain swelling

Question 5

When exposed to extreme cold temperatures, how does the body respond

Answer 5

The sympathetic nervous system will stimulate changes in the blood flow to result in vasoconstriction and initiate warming mechanisms such as shivering, reduction of heat loss, induction of heat gain

Question 6

What increases risk of dehydration in cold environments

Answer 6

Cold-induced diuresis

Limited access to fluids

Restriction of fluids

Increased sweat loss from wearing too many clothes

Impaired thirst mechanism

Increased respiration at high altitude

Question 7

What 2 macronutrients are affected by altitude training and how

Answer 7

Carbohydrates - increased utilization

Protein - decreased protein synthesis

Question 8

What hematologic factors are affected by altitude training and how

Answer 8

Increase in red blood cells

Increase in hemoglobin mass

Question 9

Altitude levels for:

Moderate
High
Extreme

Answer 9

Moderate: 2000-3000 m

High: 3000-5500 m

Extreme: >5500 m

Question 10

Altitude training may increase RMR

True/False

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Training at altitude may result in what 3 things

Answer 11

Decease in appetite

Increased fatigue

Altitude sickness