Supplemental Questions Part 2: Exam 2 Flashcards
Thanks Tucker!
1
Q
car seat restraints are an example of […] prevention
A
car seat restraints are an example of primary prevention
2
Q
[…] is early ID of illness with prompt intervention to prevent catastrophic effects
A
secondary prevention is early ID of illness with prompt intervention to prevent catastrophic effects
3
Q
vision screening is an example of […] prevention
A
vision screening is an example of secondary prevention
4
Q
[…] is after a disease has occurred, intent is to halt disease process and assist person in attaining optimal health status
A
tertiary prevention is after a disease has occurred, intent is to halt disease process and assist person in attaining optimal health status
5
Q
Alcoholics anonymous is an example of […] prevention
A
Alcoholics anonymous is an example of tertiary prevention
6
Q
what are the determinants of health? […]
A
what are the determinants of health? income, education, clean water, air quality, working conditions, gender, and lifestyle choices.
7
Q
Health protection activities refer to […]
A
Health protection activities refer to anything that protects the community at large such as air and water quality regulations.
8
Q
Health promotion activities and disease prevention activities […]
A
Health promotion activities and disease prevention activities One seeks to make individuals or communities feel better and live better, while the other works on preventing the impact of a disease on life.
9
Q
When working with patients the patient (ptcentered) is always the focus. We look at the patient as a whole (holism) andnot just one specific problem. We do not prescribe a plan, we negotiate with the patient to identify problems and goals and solutions. It is […] as we learn from the patient and they learn from us.
A
When working with patients the patient (ptcentered) is always the focus. We look at the patient as a whole (holism) andnot just one specific problem. We do not prescribe a plan, we negotiate with the patient to identify problems and goals and solutions. It is interactive as we learn from the patient and they learn from us.
10
Q
When working with patients the […] is always the focus. We look at the patient as […] andnot just one specific problem. We do not prescribe a plan, we […] with the patient to identify problems and goals and solutions. It is interactive as we learn from the patient and they learn from us.
A
When working with patients the patient (ptcentered) is always the focus. We look at the patient as a whole (holism) andnot just one specific problem. We do not prescribe a plan, we negotiate with the patient to identify problems and goals and solutions. It is interactive as we learn from the patient and they learn from us.
11
Q
qualities of a teaching-learning relationship: […]
A
qualities of a teaching-learning relationship: pt focused holisitc negotiation interactive
12
Q
‚Ä¢Factors that impact motivation […]
A
‚Ä¢Factors that impact motivation ∙Lack of social support ∙Anxiety ∙Fear ∙Shame -negative self concept
13
Q
Four components of Motivational Interviewing […]
A
Four components of Motivational Interviewing ∙Partnership ∙Acceptance ∙Compassion ∙Evocation
14
Q
what is important when figuring out why a pt isn’t following a treatment plan? […]
A
what is important when figuring out why a pt isn’t following a treatment plan? you must figure out their motivation
15
Q
behaviors that indicate low literacy level […]
A
behaviors that indicate low literacy level ∙Incomplete forms ∙Frequently missed appointments ∙Lack of follow-through with instructions ∙‚ÄúI am too tired to read‚Äù ∙Unable to name or explain medications
16
Q
which method of teaching is good to allow pt to express feelings/thoughts on a topic? […]
A
which method of teaching is good to allow pt to express feelings/thoughts on a topic? ∙Discussion and verbal teaching ∙Allow expression of feelings
17
Q
should you or should you not include family in pt educatoin? […]
A
should you or should you not include family in pt educatoin? if the patient is willing to include them you should!
18
Q
when would be best for pt education? ∙A) 30 minutes before a procedure ∙ ∙B) After visiting hours are finished ∙ ∙C) Right before the lunch tray arrives ∙ ∙D) After the patient has had a nap […]
A
when would be best for pt education? ∙A) 30 minutes before a procedure ∙ ∙B) After visiting hours are finished ∙ ∙C) Right before the lunch tray arrives ∙ ∙D) After the patient has had a nap D
19
Q
domains of learning cognitive ie lecture what type of learning sessions? short and specific purpose: learning concepts affective ie siumlation, role play purpose: deals with emotions or feelings what environment is best? warm and soothing environment psychomotor ie lab time purpose: […]
A
domains of learning cognitive ie lecture what type of learning sessions? short and specific purpose: learning concepts affective ie siumlation, role play purpose: deals with emotions or feelings what environment is best? warm and soothing environment psychomotor ie lab time purpose: demonstrate a skill or a task
20
Q
domains of learning cognitive ie lecture what type of learning sessions? short and specific purpose: learning concepts affective ie siumlation, role play purpose: […] what environment is best? […] psychomotor ie lab time purpose: demonstrate a skill or a task
A
domains of learning cognitive ie lecture what type of learning sessions? short and specific purpose: learning concepts affective ie siumlation, role play purpose: deals with emotions or feelings what environment is best? warm and soothing environment psychomotor ie lab time purpose: demonstrate a skill or a task
21
Q
domains of learning cognitive ie lecture what type of learning sessions? […] purpose: […] affective ie siumlation, role play purpose: deals with emotions or feelings what environment is best? warm and soothing environment psychomotor ie lab time purpose: demonstrate a skill or a task
A
domains of learning cognitive ie lecture what type of learning sessions? short and specific purpose: learning concepts affective ie siumlation, role play purpose: deals with emotions or feelings what environment is best? warm and soothing environment psychomotor ie lab time purpose: demonstrate a skill or a task
22
Q
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant […] ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
A
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
23
Q
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent […] ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
A
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
24
Q
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler […] school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
A
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
25
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult [...]
PT Education Life Span Considerations ∙Newborn and Infant ∙Education is focused on the parent or caregiver ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Still teach parents ∙Use play as a learning tool ∙Trust is important school age child and adolescent ∙Written material is introduced ∙School-age children like stickers and rewards ∙adolescent my want independence ∙Adult and older adult ∙Informal friendly environment ∙Older adult may have decreased motivation
26
tips for Teaching the Older Learner [...]
tips for Teaching the Older Learner ∙Use a brightly-lit, glare-free room ∙Eliminate extraneous noise ∙Face the learner ∙Limit sessions to 20-30 minutes ∙Observe nonverbal language that shows confusion ∙Supply one idea at a time
27
‚Ä¢The nurse is working with a client and plans to use an affective teaching approach. Which method would emphasize the affective domain? ∙A) Independent Study ∙B) Role-playing ∙C) Skill demonstration ∙D) Lecture [...]
‚Ä¢The nurse is working with a client and plans to use an affective teaching approach. Which method would emphasize the affective domain? ∙A) Independent Study ∙B) Role-playing ∙C) Skill demonstration ∙D) Lecture b
28
what is a reliable vegan source of vitamin b12? [...]
what is a reliable vegan source of vitamin b12? sunflower margarine that is fortified with b12
29
a nurse says "why do you need to know that" when a pt is asking what his medications are for and what are their side effects. what kind of non therapeutic response is this? [...]
a nurse says "why do you need to know that" when a pt is asking what his medications are for and what are their side effects. what kind of non therapeutic response is this? asking for an explanation
30
clear liquid vs full liquid diet [...]
clear liquid vs full liquid diet clear liquid diet only allows liquids that you can see through
31
what type of dressing is used on a stage 1 pressure ulcer? [...]
what type of dressing is used on a stage 1 pressure ulcer? transparent dressings
32
what type of dressings are used to remove necrotic tissue? [...]
what type of dressings are used to remove necrotic tissue? wet to dry dressings
33
moist vs dry wound healing, which heals faster? [...]
moist vs dry wound healing, which heals faster? moist wounds heal much much faster than dry ones
34
how to calculate oxygen concentration in a mask or cannula: [...]
how to calculate oxygen concentration in a mask or cannula: add 4% to 20% for every liter/minute
35
what's the inspired oxygen concentration for a flow rate of 2 L/Min? [...]
what's the inspired oxygen concentration for a flow rate of 2 L/Min? 28 %
36
what type of ointment should be applied to the nares of those on O2? [...]
what type of ointment should be applied to the nares of those on O2? water based not petroleum based
37
what irregular lab values are present in a pt experiencing anorexia or malnutrition over an extended period of time ?[...]
what irregular lab values are present in a pt experiencing anorexia or malnutrition over an extended period of time ?low albumin
38
what enhances the body's absorption of iron? [...]
what enhances the body's absorption of iron? vitamin C
39
the pt has a o2 sat of 85%, what is your first action as a nurse? [...]
the pt has a o2 sat of 85%, what is your first action as a nurse? raise the head of the bed!
40
how frequently must prescriptions for restraints be renewed? [...]
how frequently must prescriptions for restraints be renewed? every 24 rhs.
41
how often should restraint checks and client status checks occur? [...]
how often should restraint checks and client status checks occur? every 2 hrs
42
where are acceptable places to attach a pulse oximeter? [...]
where are acceptable places to attach a pulse oximeter? earlobe, toe, finger
43
necrotic sub Q tissue is a manifestation of which stage of pressure ulcer? [...]
necrotic sub Q tissue is a manifestation of which stage of pressure ulcer? stage III
44
when completing an incident report about a pressure ulcer, the nurse should include which of the following? A what the nurse believes caused the ulcer B any statements made by the client about the ulcer C document in the clients med record that the incident report was done D question the charge nurse about the care deficits that resulted in the incident [...]
when completing an incident report about a pressure ulcer, the nurse should include which of the following? A what the nurse believes caused the ulcer B any statements made by the client about the ulcer C document in the clients med record that the incident report was done D question the charge nurse about the care deficits that resulted in the incident B
45
which of the following should the nurse do to promote independence while eating to a blind client place the clients hands on the tray describe the location of the tray to the client [...]
which of the following should the nurse do to promote independence while eating to a blind client place the clients hands on the tray describe the location of the tray to the client describe the location of the tray. this promotes independence the most
46
what is the ref range for ANC? [...]
what is the ref range for ANC? 2500-8000
47
can you take a rectal temp with a pt who is on neutropenic precautions and why? [...]
can you take a rectal temp with a pt who is on neutropenic precautions and why? no! due to risk of bacteremia
48
what vitamins do carbs help synthesize [...]
what vitamins do carbs help synthesize ∙Synthesis of vitamin K and vitamin B12
49
Blood glucose ranges ∙[...] fasting ∙140 to 180 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal ∙Elevated in? diabetes
Blood glucose ranges ∙60 to 80 mg/dL fasting ∙140 to 180 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal ∙Elevated in? diabetes
50
Blood glucose ranges ∙60 to 80 mg/dL fasting ∙140 to 180 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal ∙Elevated in? [...]
Blood glucose ranges ∙60 to 80 mg/dL fasting ∙140 to 180 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal ∙Elevated in? diabetes
51
Blood glucose ranges ∙60 to 80 mg/dL fasting ∙[...] 2 hours after a meal ∙Elevated in? diabetes
Blood glucose ranges ∙60 to 80 mg/dL fasting ∙140 to 180 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal ∙Elevated in? diabetes
52
functions facilitated by proteins: [...]
functions facilitated by proteins: ∙Hemoglobin ∙ ∙Insulin ∙ ∙Albumin ∙Growth ∙ ∙Energy ∙ ∙Regulation of bodily functions ∙ ∙Replacement of cellular proteins ∙
53
a positive nitrogen state means that [...] a negative nitrogen state means that [...]
a positive nitrogen state means that new tissue is being synthesized. a negative nitrogen state means that excretion is greater than intake due to disease, or immobility
54
•Fish and vegetable sources contain predominantly what type of fat? [...]
•Fish and vegetable sources contain predominantly what type of fat? unsat fat
55
•Sources of animal fat, particularly beef and lamb contain predominantly what type of fat? [...]
•Sources of animal fat, particularly beef and lamb contain predominantly what type of fat? sat fat
56
•Fried and baked goods often have what type of fat? [...]
•Fried and baked goods often have what type of fat? trans fats
57
fat sol vitamins [...]
fat sol vitamins ADEK
58
Water soluble vitamins [...]
Water soluble vitamins B complex and C
59
minerals [...]
minerals water, flouride, calcium, potassium, iodine, iron
60
vitamin A functions: [...] vitamin A deficiency leads to : SKIN AND EYE ISSUES ∙Night or total blindness ∙Keratinization ∙Follicular hyperkeratosis ∙Xerophthalmia ∙Inadequate tooth and bone development
vitamin A functions: ∙Normal vision in dim light ∙Healthy skin ∙skeletal and tooth development ∙Promotes cellular proliferation vitamin A deficiency leads to : SKIN AND EYE ISSUES ∙Night or total blindness ∙Keratinization ∙Follicular hyperkeratosis ∙Xerophthalmia ∙Inadequate tooth and bone development
61
vitamin A functions: ∙Normal vision in dim light ∙Healthy skin ∙skeletal and tooth development ∙Promotes cellular proliferation vitamin A deficiency leads to : [...]
vitamin A functions: ∙Normal vision in dim light ∙Healthy skin ∙skeletal and tooth development ∙Promotes cellular proliferation vitamin A deficiency leads to : SKIN AND EYE ISSUES ∙Night or total blindness ∙Keratinization ∙Follicular hyperkeratosis ∙Xerophthalmia ∙Inadequate tooth and bone development
62
Vit D ∙Functions [...] Deficiency: BONE FORMATION ISSUES ∙Rickets in children ∙Poor dental health ∙Tetany ∙Osteomalacia
Vit D ∙Functions ∙Absorption of calcium ∙Moving calcium and phosphorus from bone Deficiency: BONE FORMATION ISSUES ∙Rickets in children ∙Poor dental health ∙Tetany ∙Osteomalacia ricketstetany osteomalacia
63
Vit D ∙Functions ∙Absorption of calcium ∙Moving calcium and phosphorus from bone Deficiency: [...]
Vit D ∙Functions ∙Absorption of calcium ∙Moving calcium and phosphorus from bone Deficiency: BONE FORMATION ISSUES ∙Rickets in children ∙Poor dental health ∙Tetany ∙Osteomalacia ricketstetany osteomalacia
64
‚Ä¢Vitamin E functions ∙Antioxidant ∙Protects vitamin A from oxidation ∙Deficiency causes [...]
‚Ä¢Vitamin E functions ∙Antioxidant ∙Protects vitamin A from oxidation ∙Deficiency causes bad blood and poor reflexes ∙Increased hemolysis of red blood cells ∙Anemia ∙Poor reflexes
65
‚Ä¢Vitamin E functions [...] ∙Deficiency causes bad blood and poor reflexes ∙Increased hemolysis of red blood cells ∙Anemia ∙Poor reflexes
‚Ä¢Vitamin E functions ∙Antioxidant ∙Protects vitamin A from oxidation ∙Deficiency causes bad blood and poor reflexes ∙Increased hemolysis of red blood cells ∙Anemia ∙Poor reflexes
66
‚Ä¢Vitamin K function [...]‚Ä¢ ∙Deficiency causes [...]
‚Ä¢Vitamin K function SUPER VIT K HERE TO STOP THE BLEED, STAT! ∙Formation of prothrombin and other clotting factors ∙ ∙Deficiency causes ∙Increased chance to hemorrhage
67
•B1 (Thiamine) Function: [...] Deficiency causes [...]
•B1 (Thiamine) Function: Healthy nerve functioning Normal appetite and digestion Deficiency causes Beriberi Apathy, fatigue, constipation, cardiac failure, neuritis health nerve function beri beri digestive system
68
‚Ä¢B3 (Niacin) ∙Tissue regeneration, glycogen metabolism ∙Deficiency causes [...]
‚Ä¢B3 (Niacin) ∙Tissue regeneration, glycogen metabolism ∙Deficiency causes ∙Pellagra (the DDD)diarrhea dermatitis, dementia nic pellegra!
69
B3 riboflavin: function: metabolism deficiency: [...]
B3 riboflavin: function: metabolism deficiency: cheilosis, vision irregularities
70
B9 (folic acid) function: metabolism, cell growth, RBC formation sources: dark leafy greens, fruits, nuts, meat, eggs, seafood, grains deficiency: [...]
B9 (folic acid) function: metabolism, cell growth, RBC formation sources: dark leafy greens, fruits, nuts, meat, eggs, seafood, grains deficiency: glossitis ( tongue) , macrocytic anemia, birth defects
71
B9 (folic acid) function: metabolism, cell growth, RBC formation sources: [...] deficiency: glossitis ( tongue) , macrocytic anemia, birth defects
B9 (folic acid) function: metabolism, cell growth, RBC formation sources: dark leafy greens, fruits, nuts, meat, eggs, seafood, grains deficiency: glossitis ( tongue) , macrocytic anemia, birth defects
72
B12 (Cyanocobalamin) ∙Functions include: ∙Formation of mature red blood cells and synthesis of RNA and DNA ∙Requires [...] for absorption ∙ ∙Sources: ∙Found in meats, fish, poultry, milk, and eggs ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Deficiency causes: pernicious anemia and neurologic deterioration
B12 (Cyanocobalamin) ∙Functions include: ∙Formation of mature red blood cells and synthesis of RNA and DNA ∙Requires intrinsic factor for absorption ∙ ∙Sources: ∙Found in meats, fish, poultry, milk, and eggs ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Deficiency causes: pernicious anemia and neurologic deterioration
73
B12 (Cyanocobalamin) ∙Functions include: ∙Formation of mature red blood cells and synthesis of RNA and DNA ∙Requires intrinsic factor for absorption ∙ ∙Sources: ∙Found in [...] ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Deficiency causes: pernicious anemia and neurologic deterioration
B12 (Cyanocobalamin) ∙Functions include: ∙Formation of mature red blood cells and synthesis of RNA and DNA ∙Requires intrinsic factor for absorption ∙ ∙Sources: ∙Found in meats, fish, poultry, milk, and eggs ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Deficiency causes: pernicious anemia and neurologic deterioration
74
B12 (Cyanocobalamin) ∙Functions include: ∙Formation of mature red blood cells and synthesis of RNA and DNA ∙Requires intrinsic factor for absorption ∙ ∙Sources: ∙Found in meats, fish, poultry, milk, and eggs ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Deficiency causes: [...]
B12 (Cyanocobalamin) ∙Functions include: ∙Formation of mature red blood cells and synthesis of RNA and DNA ∙Requires intrinsic factor for absorption ∙ ∙Sources: ∙Found in meats, fish, poultry, milk, and eggs ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Deficiency causes: pernicious anemia and neurologic deterioration
75
Vitamin C ∙Functions ∙Protection against infection ∙Adequate wound healing ∙Collagen formation ∙[...] absorption ∙Metabolism of amino acids ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Scurvy ∙Poor wound healing, increased susceptibility to infection, retardation of growth and development, joint pain anemia
Vitamin C ∙Functions ∙Protection against infection ∙Adequate wound healing ∙Collagen formation ∙Iron absorption ∙Metabolism of amino acids ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Scurvy ∙Poor wound healing, increased susceptibility to infection, retardation of growth and development, joint pain anemia
76
Vitamin C ∙Functions ∙Protection against infection ∙Adequate wound healing ∙Collagen formation ∙Iron absorption ∙Metabolism of amino acids ∙Deficiency causes: [...]
Vitamin C ∙Functions ∙Protection against infection ∙Adequate wound healing ∙Collagen formation ∙Iron absorption ∙Metabolism of amino acids ∙Deficiency causes: ∙Scurvy ∙Poor wound healing, increased susceptibility to infection, retardation of growth and development, joint pain anemia
77
calcium Functions ∙Nerve impulse transmission ∙Contraction and relaxation of muscles‚Ä¢cardiac function ∙Converts prothrombin to thrombin ∙Regulation of materials in and out of the cell deficiency causes [...]
calcium Functions ∙Nerve impulse transmission ∙Contraction and relaxation of muscles‚Ä¢cardiac function ∙Converts prothrombin to thrombin ∙Regulation of materials in and out of the cell deficiency causes ∙Ricket‚Äôs ∙Osteoporosis
78
potassium nursing considerations: [...]
potassium nursing considerations: potassium is restricted in patients with kidney issues because they can't process it properly causing buildup in the blood
79
sodium is restricted in patients with [...]
sodium is restricted in patients with heart disease, hypertension, kidney and liver disease
80
iron deficiency leads to what two conditions? [...]
iron deficiency leads to what two conditions? anemia (fatigue, lethargy) AND poor resistance to infection
81
iodine deficiency can lead to [...]
iodine deficiency can lead to cretinism in children, a goiter in adults.
82
thirst decreases in the [...] population
thirst decreases in the elderly population
83
•Mechanical Process of digestion: my dad's car makes people evacuate their bowels [...]
‚Ä¢Mechanical Process of digestion: my dad's car makes people evacuate their bowels ∙Mastication ∙Deglutition (swallowing) ∙Churning (stomach to duodenum) ∙More churning (small intestine) ∙Peristalsis (moves to large intestine) ∙Stored until evacuation from the body
84
‚Ä¢ ∙Enzymes break down substances into simpler components. What are these? [...]
‚Ä¢ ∙Enzymes break down substances into simpler components. What are these? amino acids, FA and glycerol glucose/monosaccarides
85
•What is absorbed into the bloodstream into the intestinal capillaries? [...]
•What is absorbed into the bloodstream into the intestinal capillaries? proteins, sugars
86
•What nutrient subunit is absorbed into the lymphatic system through the lymphatic capillaries in the intestinal villi? [...]
•What nutrient subunit is absorbed into the lymphatic system through the lymphatic capillaries in the intestinal villi? fatty acids and glycerol
87
‚Ä¢Carbohydrate ∙Short-term glucose storage: [...] ∙Long-term glucose storage: adipose tissue ∙Not enough glucose: gluconeogenesis
‚Ä¢Carbohydrate ∙Short-term glucose storage: liver via glycogenesis ∙Long-term glucose storage: adipose tissue ∙Not enough glucose: gluconeogenesis
88
‚Ä¢Carbohydrate ∙Short-term glucose storage: liver via glycogenesis ∙Long-term glucose storage: [...] ∙Not enough glucose: gluconeogenesis
‚Ä¢Carbohydrate ∙Short-term glucose storage: liver via glycogenesis ∙Long-term glucose storage: adipose tissue ∙Not enough glucose: gluconeogenesis
89
‚Ä¢Carbohydrate ∙Short-term glucose storage: liver via glycogenesis ∙Long-term glucose storage: adipose tissue ∙Not enough glucose: [...]
‚Ä¢Carbohydrate ∙Short-term glucose storage: liver via glycogenesis ∙Long-term glucose storage: adipose tissue ∙Not enough glucose: gluconeogenesis
90
‚Ä¢Protein ∙Anabolism builds up tissues, antibodies, red blood cells, and tissue repair ∙Excess stored in [...]
‚Ä¢Protein ∙Anabolism builds up tissues, antibodies, red blood cells, and tissue repair ∙Excess stored in liver or converted to fat
91
‚Ä¢What is excreted through the lungs? [...] ∙What is excreted through the kidneys, skin, and sweat glands? [...]
‚Ä¢What is excreted through the lungs? CO2 and WATER ∙What is excreted through the kidneys, skin, and sweat glands? water, toxins, salts, nitrogen wastes
92
what discipline helps with swallowing difficulties ? [...]
what discipline helps with swallowing difficulties ? speech therapy
93
•What lab values can reflect iron level (besides iron or ferritin)? [...]
•What lab values can reflect iron level (besides iron or ferritin)? hemoglobin, transferrin (measures bound iron)
94
what lab value reflects the kidneys ability to excrete waste? [...]
what lab value reflects the kidneys ability to excrete waste? creatinine
95
labs used to determine protein levels are [...] the more senstive one is prealbumin
labs used to determine protein levels are ablumin and pre albumin the more senstive one is prealbumin
96
labs used to determine protein levels are ablumin and pre albumin the more senstive one is [...]
labs used to determine protein levels are ablumin and pre albumin the more senstive one is prealbumin
97
enteral feeding tubes: ∙Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, what is it? : [...]
enteral feeding tubes: ∙Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, what is it? : PEG tube goes directly into stomach
98
what position should the bed be in during feeding? [...]
what position should the bed be in during feeding? the head of the bed should be elevated to 45 degrees
99
‚Ä¢Gastric Residual Volume how to check? [...] meaning? ∙Volume in stomach not digested ∙Too much could mean holding the tube feeding
‚Ä¢Gastric Residual Volume how to check? aspirate with a syringe meaning? ∙Volume in stomach not digested ∙Too much could mean holding the tube feeding
100
•Gastric Residual Volume how to check? aspirate with a syringe meaning? [...]
‚Ä¢Gastric Residual Volume how to check? aspirate with a syringe meaning? ∙Volume in stomach not digested ∙Too much could mean holding the tube feeding
101
how do you check if the naso gastric tube is in the stomach? [...]
how do you check if the naso gastric tube is in the stomach? by documenting the length and/or confirming the length with an X-Ray.
102
what should the temp of the food be for NG tube? [...]
what should the temp of the food be for NG tube? room temp
103
how often should you flush NG tube with water? [...]
how often should you flush NG tube with water? every 4-6 hours
104
Expected Sleeping Trends ∙Duration ∙7-9 hours ∙1/3 average how many hours: 6 or less ∙Latency ∙Average is [...] ∙What if its less than 5? [...] ∙What if its 30 or more? [...]
Expected Sleeping Trends ∙Duration ∙7-9 hours ∙1/3 average how many hours: 6 or less ∙Latency ∙Average is 10 minutes ∙What if its less than 5? deprivation ∙What if its 30 or more? insomnia
105
Expected Sleeping Trends ∙Duration [...] ∙1/3 average how many hours: [...] ∙Latency ∙Average is 10 minutes ∙What if its less than 5? deprivation ∙What if its 30 or more? insomnia
Expected Sleeping Trends ∙Duration ∙7-9 hours ∙1/3 average how many hours: 6 or less ∙Latency ∙Average is 10 minutes ∙What if its less than 5? deprivation ∙What if its 30 or more? insomnia
106
what hormones are affected by sleep? [...]
what hormones are affected by sleep? HGH Cortisol Melatonin
107
‚Ä¢Newborn and Infants ∙Average sleep time is [...] ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Average sleep time (increases or decreases?) decreases from being an infant
‚Ä¢Newborn and Infants ∙Average sleep time is 13 hours ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Average sleep time (increases or decreases?) decreases from being an infant
108
‚Ä¢Newborn and Infants ∙Average sleep time is 13 hours ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Average sleep time (increases or decreases?) [...]
‚Ä¢Newborn and Infants ∙Average sleep time is 13 hours ∙Toddler and Preschooler ∙Average sleep time (increases or decreases?) decreases from being an infant
109
•School-age/adolescent [...]
‚Ä¢School-age/adolescent ∙Average/need 9 hours of sleep
110
older adults and sleep ∙Increased sleep latency and time in bed ∙Sleep-problems related to [...]
older adults and sleep ∙Increased sleep latency and time in bed ∙Sleep-problems related to medical issues
111
older adults and sleep ∙Increased [...] ∙Sleep-problems related to medical issues
older adults and sleep ∙Increased sleep latency and time in bed ∙Sleep-problems related to medical issues
112
environmental impacts on sleep [...]
environmental impacts on sleep noise light temperature relationships
113
how to avoid GERD during sleep [...]
how to avoid GERD during sleep raise head of bed, avoid eating within 3 hours of sleeptime
114
how to avoid nocturia [...]
how to avoid nocturia dont drink too much before going to bed
115
benzodiazepines and sleep [...]
benzodiazepines and sleep sedation is not the same as sleep. you dont go through the latency stages of sleep as well.
116
treatments for insomnia [...]
treatments for insomnia CBT, meds
117
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ∙What is apnea? ∙Absence of breathing ∙ ∙What is hypopnea? ∙Shallow breathing ∙ How does apnea affect sleep? ∙Frequent awakening ∙Decreased REM sleep symptoms of sleep apnea ∙Excessive daytime sleepiness ∙Partner may report excess snoring consequences of sleep apnea [...]
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ∙What is apnea? ∙Absence of breathing ∙ ∙What is hypopnea? ∙Shallow breathing ∙ How does apnea affect sleep? ∙Frequent awakening ∙Decreased REM sleep symptoms of sleep apnea ∙Excessive daytime sleepiness ∙Partner may report excess snoring consequences of sleep apnea ∙Hypertension ∙Increased risk of stroke ∙Impaired concentration
118
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ∙What is apnea? [...]‚Ä¢ ∙What is hypopnea? [...]‚Ä¢ How does apnea affect sleep? [...] symptoms of sleep apnea ∙Excessive daytime sleepiness ∙Partner may report excess snoring consequences of sleep apnea ∙Hypertension ∙Increased risk of stroke ∙Impaired concentration
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ∙What is apnea? ∙Absence of breathing ∙ ∙What is hypopnea? ∙Shallow breathing ∙ How does apnea affect sleep? ∙Frequent awakening ∙Decreased REM sleep symptoms of sleep apnea ∙Excessive daytime sleepiness ∙Partner may report excess snoring consequences of sleep apnea ∙Hypertension ∙Increased risk of stroke ∙Impaired concentration
119
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ∙What is apnea? ∙Absence of breathing ∙ ∙What is hypopnea? ∙Shallow breathing ∙ How does apnea affect sleep? ∙Frequent awakening ∙Decreased REM sleep symptoms of sleep apnea [...] consequences of sleep apnea ∙Hypertension ∙Increased risk of stroke ∙Impaired concentration
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ∙What is apnea? ∙Absence of breathing ∙ ∙What is hypopnea? ∙Shallow breathing ∙ How does apnea affect sleep? ∙Frequent awakening ∙Decreased REM sleep symptoms of sleep apnea ∙Excessive daytime sleepiness ∙Partner may report excess snoring consequences of sleep apnea ∙Hypertension ∙Increased risk of stroke ∙Impaired concentration
120
Narcolepsy what type of disorder? [...] ∙Experience REM within [...] ∙[...] 70% experience this as well
Narcolepsy what type of disorder? ∙Autoimmune neurologic disorder ∙Experience REM within 20 minutes of falling asleep ∙Cataplexy (profound muscle weakness) 70% experience this as well
121
RLS restless leg syndrome: [...] 2. Intensified by[...] ∙PLMD Periodic limb movement disorder what is it? ∙Repetitive dorsiflexion of foot and flexion of knee during sleep ∙ how to treat? ∙Medication is cornerstone of therapy
RLS restless leg syndrome: 1. Unpleasant sensation in the legs that makes you want to move them. 2. Intensified by inactivity and abnormal iron levels ∙PLMD Periodic limb movement disorder what is it? ∙Repetitive dorsiflexion of foot and flexion of knee during sleep ∙ how to treat? ∙Medication is cornerstone of therapy
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RLS restless leg syndrome: 1. Unpleasant sensation in the legs that makes you want to move them. 2. Intensified by inactivity and abnormal iron levels ∙PLMD Periodic limb movement disorder what is it? ∙Repetitive dorsiflexion of foot and flexion of knee during sleep ∙ how to treat? [...]
RLS restless leg syndrome: 1. Unpleasant sensation in the legs that makes you want to move them. 2. Intensified by inactivity and abnormal iron levels ∙PLMD Periodic limb movement disorder what is it? ∙Repetitive dorsiflexion of foot and flexion of knee during sleep ∙ how to treat? ∙Medication is cornerstone of therapy
123
RLS restless leg syndrome: 1. Unpleasant sensation in the legs that makes you want to move them. 2. Intensified by inactivity and abnormal iron levels ∙PLMD Periodic limb movement disorder what is it? [...]‚Ä¢ how to treat? ∙Medication is cornerstone of therapy
RLS restless leg syndrome: 1. Unpleasant sensation in the legs that makes you want to move them. 2. Intensified by inactivity and abnormal iron levels ∙PLMD Periodic limb movement disorder what is it? ∙Repetitive dorsiflexion of foot and flexion of knee during sleep ∙ how to treat? ∙Medication is cornerstone of therapy
124
BEARS sleep assessment [...]
BEARS sleep assessment bedTime? excessive fatige? awakenings? regulartiy and duration? snoring?
125
6 phases of nursing process [...]
6 phases of nursing process assessment diagnosis planning implementation evaluation ADPIE!!
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Assessment [...] primary source patient secondary source: family of patient, lab test
Assessment collection of data primary source patient secondary source: family of patient, lab test
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Assessment collection of data primary source[...] secondary source: [...]
Assessment collection of data primary source patient secondary source: family of patient, lab test
128
TEST QUESTION !!! Subjective vs Objective Data: signs and symptoms? Subjective : [...] Objective [...] method of obtaining data subjective: inteview objective: everything not coming from interview! inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, lab test, heatlh record, diagnostic test examples of sujective data : symptoms, values, feelings attitudes, sensations, beliefs
TEST QUESTION !!! Subjective vs Objective Data: signs and symptoms? Subjective : symptoms Objective signs method of obtaining data subjective: inteview objective: everything not coming from interview! inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, lab test, heatlh record, diagnostic test examples of sujective data : symptoms, values, feelings attitudes, sensations, beliefs
129
TEST QUESTION !!! Subjective vs Objective Data: signs and symptoms? Subjective : symptoms Objective signs method of obtaining data subjective: [...] objective: [...] examples of sujective data : symptoms, values, feelings attitudes, sensations, beliefs
TEST QUESTION !!! Subjective vs Objective Data: signs and symptoms? Subjective : symptoms Objective signs method of obtaining data subjective: inteview objective: everything not coming from interview! inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, lab test, heatlh record, diagnostic test examples of sujective data : symptoms, values, feelings attitudes, sensations, beliefs
130
TEST QUESTION !!! Subjective vs Objective Data: signs and symptoms? Subjective : symptoms Objective signs method of obtaining data subjective: inteview objective: everything not coming from interview! inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, lab test, heatlh record, diagnostic test examples of sujective data : [...]
TEST QUESTION !!! Subjective vs Objective Data: signs and symptoms? Subjective : symptoms Objective signs method of obtaining data subjective: inteview objective: everything not coming from interview! inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, lab test, heatlh record, diagnostic test examples of sujective data : symptoms, values, feelings attitudes, sensations, beliefs
131
phases of assessment prepatory phase: [...] ∙Introductory Phase [...] ∙Maintenance Phase [...] Concluding Phase [...]
phases of assessment prepatory phase: setting the environment and gathering info ∙Introductory Phase ∙who you are ∙What you are doing ∙How long ∙Maintenance Phase ∙Facilitate dialogue ∙Evaluate when its appropriate to move to next topic Concluding Phase ∙Review goal ∙Summarize highlights
132
what is a nursing diagnosis? [...]
what is a nursing diagnosis? a human response to an actual or potential healthcare problem
133
examples of diagnostic labels? [...]
examples of diagnostic labels? knowledge deficiency risk for infection impaired urinary elimination
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2 types of nursing diagnoses: Actual nursing diagnoses: [...] risk nursing diagnoses risk for ______ related to _____(risk factors
2 types of nursing diagnoses: Actual nursing diagnoses: (Diagnostic lable) ______related to _______(etiology/related factors) as evidenced by________ (signs and symptoms) risk nursing diagnoses risk for ______ related to _____(risk factors
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how to prioritize outcomes/goals : [...]
how to prioritize outcomes/goals : life threatening? number of interventions how easy is it evaluated
136
•Implementation focuses on [...]
•Implementation focuses on what the nurse will do and documentation
137
what are the 5 principles of delegation? [...]
what are the 5 principles of delegation? right person, right task right communication right circumstance (pt should be stable) right evaluation(making sure it was done)
138
What tasks can't be delegated? (4) [...]
What tasks can't be delegated? (4) ∙ Clinical judgment ∙Assessment ∙Patient teaching ∙Evaluation CAPE
139
obtaining information from a client is from what phase in the nurse patient relationship? [...]
obtaining information from a client is from what phase in the nurse patient relationship? the orientation phase
140
how often should restraints be released and repositioned? [...]
how often should restraints be released and repositioned? every 2 hr or per facility policy
141
if acid is elevated, what happens to RR? [...]
if acid is elevated, what happens to RR? increase
142
•What moves from the alveoli to the pulmonary artery? [...]
•What moves from the alveoli to the pulmonary artery? oxygen
143
what moves from the pulmonary artery to the avleoli?[...]
what moves from the pulmonary artery to the avleoli?carbon dioxide
144
lifestyle habits that affect respiratory function [...]
lifestyle habits that affect respiratory function smoking ∙Increases risk of cancer, heart disease, and chronic respiratory conditions ∙Drugs and alcohol ∙Alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines decrease respirations and dulls the reflexes that protect the lungs from aspiration ∙Nutrition both too little and too much
145
What prevents oxygen movement from alveoli to pulmonary artery [...]
What prevents oxygen movement from alveoli to pulmonary artery ∙Restricted lung movement ie atelectasis ∙Airway obstruction
146
atelectasis: [...]
atelectasis: alveolar collapse
147
what is normal sputum? [...]
what is normal sputum? trick question, sputum is not a normal finding
148
what happens with RR as we age? [...]
what happens with RR as we age? they decrease from birth to adult hood then increase again in old age
149
what skin color is indicative of cyanosis? [...]
what skin color is indicative of cyanosis? bluish tint or ashen gray
150
COPD pt chest shape[...]
COPD pt chest shapebarrel chested
151
•Fluid in the lung gives a [...] on percussion
•Fluid in the lung gives a dull sound on percussion
152
•[...] increases with consolidation
•Tactile fremitus(aka chest wall vibrations) increases with consolidation
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[...] decerases with pleural effusion(collection of fluid between chest wall and lungs)
tactile fremitus decerases with pleural effusion(collection of fluid between chest wall and lungs)
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tactile fremitus [...] with pleural effusion(collection of fluid between chest wall and lungs)
tactile fremitus decerases with pleural effusion(collection of fluid between chest wall and lungs)
155
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? [...] associated with? [...] wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
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lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? [...] associated with? [...] wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
157
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? [...] associated with: [...] pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
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lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? [...] associated with? [...] coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
159
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: [...]
lung sounds fine crackles (fine rales) when heard? inspiration, late or early. associated with? if late : pneumonia, CHF if early: asthma, bronchitis, emphysema coarse Crackels (coarse rales) when? inspiration associated with? pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis wheeze(sonorous)/ronchi/gurgles when? exhalation associated with? bronchitis, single bronchus obstructions wheeze (sibilant) when heard? inhalation and exhalation associated with: acute asthma or chronic emphysema pleural friction rub: associated with: pleuritis
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6 Factors that impact accuracy of pulse oximeter [...]
6 Factors that impact accuracy of pulse oximeter ∙Patient movement ∙Clear nails ∙Edema ∙Adequate peripheral blood flow ∙Anemia ∙Carbon monoxide poisoning
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‚Ä¢Goal for normal patients is >95% ∙For COPD the target range is [...]
‚Ä¢Goal for normal patients is >95% ∙For COPD the target range is 88-92%.
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‚Ä¢Goal for normal patients is [...] ∙For COPD the target range is 88-92%.
‚Ä¢Goal for normal patients is >95% ∙For COPD the target range is 88-92%.
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End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring attached to [...]indicative of [...] use? anyone whose breathing are at risk of being slowed or altered
End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring attached to nasal cannula,indicative of iimmediate breathing, measures co2 exhaled. use? anyone whose breathing are at risk of being slowed or altered
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End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring attached to nasal cannula,indicative of iimmediate breathing, measures co2 exhaled. use? [...]
End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring attached to nasal cannula,indicative of iimmediate breathing, measures co2 exhaled. use? anyone whose breathing are at risk of being slowed or altered
165
•Bronchoscopy purpose: [...]
‚Ä¢Bronchoscopy purpose: ∙Visualize trachea and bronchi ∙Removed foreign objects or mucus ∙Obtain sputum sample
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PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS ∙Tidal Volume [...] ∙Vital capacity [...] ∙Forced expiratory volume in 1 second [...]
PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS ∙Tidal Volume Volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal breath ∙Vital capacity Volume of air exhaled after taking the deepest possible breath ∙Forced expiratory volume in 1 second Volume of air forcibly exhaled in 1 second after taking the deepest possible breath
167
Arterial Blood Gas ∙Accurate assessment of oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and pH ∙Determines the effectiveness of lungs in [...]
Arterial Blood Gas ∙Accurate assessment of oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and pH ∙Determines the effectiveness of lungs in removing carbon dioxide
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Arterial Blood Gas ∙Accurate assessment of [...] ∙Determines the effectiveness of lungs in removing carbon dioxide
Arterial Blood Gas ∙Accurate assessment of oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and pH ∙Determines the effectiveness of lungs in removing carbon dioxide
169
which test determines PaO2? [...]
which test determines PaO2? ABG
170
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No cloze ⁨2⁩ found on card. Please either add a cloze deletion, or use the Empty Cards tool. More information
171
which is the more accurate parameter, Pa02 or SP02? [...]
which is the more accurate parameter, Pa02 or SP02? PaO2
172
non pharm measures to promote respirations [...]
non pharm measures to promote respirations Movement and repositioning ∙ ∙Coughing ∙ ∙Chest Physiotherapy
173
‚Ä¢If a person has one bad lung, which way should they lay down? ∙[...] ∙Is movement and repositioning advised for improved lung function? ∙[...] ∙What does ambulation do to improve lung function? [...]
‚Ä¢If a person has one bad lung, which way should they lay down? ∙bad lung up, good lung down ∙Is movement and repositioning advised for improved lung function? ∙raise head of bed, increase chance of coughing ∙What does ambulation do to improve lung function? decrease risk of atelectasis and pneumonia
174
what are the 5 things that prevent atelectasis: [...]
what are the 5 things that prevent atelectasis: ambulation incentive spirometer deep breathing frequent turning/repositioning coughing
175
what is an incentive spirometer used for? [...]
what is an incentive spirometer used for? measuring inhalation decreases risk for atelectasis and pneumonia
176
What to do if a patient is immobilized and experiences pain when trying to cough? [...]
What to do if a patient is immobilized and experiences pain when trying to cough? 1. splint the incision with a pillow 2. stack multiple smaller coughs 3. low flow cough ( take a deep breath and say "huff" 3-4 times while exhaling 4. quad cough ( deep breath, hold, place hands below rib and push in and up. ) used in neuromuscular disease
177
Chest physiotherapy when used? [...] types: percussion vibration postural drainage Oscillatory Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy (exhale against pressure)
Chest physiotherapy when used? when mucus won't mobilize readily types: percussion vibration postural drainage Oscillatory Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy (exhale against pressure)
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Chest physiotherapy when used? when mucus won't mobilize readily types: [...]
Chest physiotherapy when used? when mucus won't mobilize readily types: percussion vibration postural drainage Oscillatory Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy (exhale against pressure)
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Pharmacological Methods to improve respirations : [...]
Pharmacological Methods to improve respirations : aerosols MDI's Dry powder inhalers handheld nebulizer MDInebulizer
180
What are the goals of oxygen therapy? [...]
What are the goals of oxygen therapy? ∙Improve tissue oxygenation ∙Decreased work of breathing in pt with dyspnea ∙Decreased work of the heart in cardiac pt
181
do you need an order to give oxygen? [...]
do you need an order to give oxygen? yes!
182
what type of patient do you use an oral airway or a nasal trumpet on ? [...]
what type of patient do you use an oral airway or a nasal trumpet on ? unconscious patient ONLY
183
‚Ä¢Endotracheal Tube [...] Tracheostomy ∙Airway created surgically just below the larynx into the trachea
‚Ä¢Endotracheal Tube ∙Tube used to provide a direct passage to the lungs ∙Used with a mechanical ventilator Tracheostomy ∙Airway created surgically just below the larynx into the trachea
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‚Ä¢Endotracheal Tube ∙Tube used to provide a direct passage to the lungs ∙Used with a mechanical ventilator Tracheostomy [...]
‚Ä¢Endotracheal Tube ∙Tube used to provide a direct passage to the lungs ∙Used with a mechanical ventilator Tracheostomy ∙Airway created surgically just below the larynx into the trachea
185
Oral ∙Uses a yankauer device to suction out oral secretions Deeper suctioning type: [...] [...] before attempt
Oral ∙Uses a yankauer device to suction out oral secretions Deeper suctioning type: Nasopharyngeal ∙Hyper oxygenate before attempt
186
Oral ∙Uses a [...] device to suction out oral secretions Deeper suctioning type: Nasopharyngeal ∙Hyper oxygenate before attempt
Oral ∙Uses a yankauer device to suction out oral secretions Deeper suctioning type: Nasopharyngeal ∙Hyper oxygenate before attempt
187
what to do before nasopharyngeal suctioning [...]
what to do before nasopharyngeal suctioning bring pt up to 30 degrees hyperoxygenate up to 100%
188
what does high pitched inspiratory stridor indicate? [...]
what does high pitched inspiratory stridor indicate? it indicates the airwary is obstructed, usually by the tongue
189
Education for home oxygen use [...]
Education for home oxygen use ∙Keep tubing and suction equipment clean to avoid infection ∙Avoid smoking or other ignition sources around the oxygen ∙Know the signs of respiratory infection
190
can you give too much oxygen ? [...]
can you give too much oxygen ? YES!
191
what happens if you give too much oxygen? (acutely and chronically) [...]
what happens if you give too much oxygen? (acutely and chronically) acute CNS and vision problems. if chronic can result in alveolar issues.
192
Should you give O2 during a STEMI? [...]
Should you give O2 during a STEMI? NO, it will increase the size of the infarction
193
how to prevent issues from overdosing O2? [...]
how to prevent issues from overdosing O2? always titrate to the lowest level possible.
194
Function of Skin 5+examples [...]
Function of Skin 5+examples ∙Protection (ie Melanin and Sebum) ∙Thermoregulation (ieeSweating, Vasoconstriction or vasodilation) ∙Sensation (Touch ) ∙Metabolism (Synthesis of vitamin D) ∙Communication (Nonverbal language)
195
Skin changes across Lifespan ∙Newborn and Infant(1) [...] ∙School-age and adolescent(2) ∙increased risk for Lice, scabies, impetigo ∙Acne adult/older adult(3) dry skin more common wrinkling and poor skin turgor slower healing
Skin changes across Lifespan ∙Newborn and Infant(1) Reduced ability to thermoregulate More susceptible to rashes, blistering, chafing ∙School-age and adolescent(2) ∙increased risk for Lice, scabies, impetigo ∙Acne adult/older adult(3) dry skin more common wrinkling and poor skin turgor slower healing
196
Skin changes across Lifespan ∙Newborn and Infant(1) Reduced ability to thermoregulate More susceptible to rashes, blistering, chafing ∙School-age and adolescent(2) [...] adult/older adult(3) dry skin more common wrinkling and poor skin turgor slower healing
Skin changes across Lifespan ∙Newborn and Infant(1) Reduced ability to thermoregulate More susceptible to rashes, blistering, chafing ∙School-age and adolescent(2) ∙increased risk for Lice, scabies, impetigo ∙Acne adult/older adult(3) dry skin more common wrinkling and poor skin turgor slower healing
197
Skin changes across Lifespan ∙Newborn and Infant(1) Reduced ability to thermoregulate More susceptible to rashes, blistering, chafing ∙School-age and adolescent(2) ∙increased risk for Lice, scabies, impetigo ∙Acne adult/older adult(3) [...]
Skin changes across Lifespan ∙Newborn and Infant(1) Reduced ability to thermoregulate More susceptible to rashes, blistering, chafing ∙School-age and adolescent(2) ∙increased risk for Lice, scabies, impetigo ∙Acne adult/older adult(3) dry skin more common wrinkling and poor skin turgor slower healing
198
Pressure ulcers For patients, where are areas that you can picture this occurring? [...]
Pressure ulcers For patients, where are areas that you can picture this occurring? heels,sacrums, elbows
199
Stage I Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) definition [...]
Stage I Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) definition nonblanchable red, intact skin. may be painful
200
Stage II Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) [...]
Stage II Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) ∙Shallow open ulcer with a pink wound bed OR intact serum filled bilster ∙Partial-thickness loss of dermis ∙ excoriation with no sloughing
201
Stage [...] Pressure Ulcer
Stage III Pressure Ulcer
202
Stage III Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) [...]
Stage III Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) ∙Full-thickness tissue loss ∙May have slough or eschar ∙Undermining and tunneling posssible ∙Bone, tendon and muscle not exposed
203
Stage [...] Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1)
Stage IV Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1)
204
Stage IV Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) [...]
Stage IV Pressure Ulcer (Box 26-1) ∙Exposed bone, tendon, or muscle ∙Tunneling and undermining - slough and eschar
205
what is the name of the scale used to calculate a patient's risk for developing a pressure ulcer? [...]
what is the name of the scale used to calculate a patient's risk for developing a pressure ulcer? the braden scale
206
Measures to prevent pressure ulcers [...]
Measures to prevent pressure ulcers ∙Repositioning and turning every 2 hrs ∙Lift rather than drag patients when pulling up in the bed ∙Specialty mattresses and beds ∙protective creams and lotions
207
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle [...] Example: [...] Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
208
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule [...] example [...] Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
209
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule [...] wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
210
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal [...] liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
211
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla [...] Example: [...] Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
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Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:[...] Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
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Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque [...] nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
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Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule [...] example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
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Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustule[...] example: [...]
Primary lesions Flat/ nonpalpable Macule small flat spot example freckle Patch:larger than a macule Solid papule up to 0.5 cm in size, solid example plaque flat elevated surface larger than 0.5 cm nodule larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than papule wheal superficial localized skin edema liquid filled Vesicle Circumscribed superficial elevation. Up to 0.5 cm filled with serous fluid. Example: Herpes simplex Virus Bulla exactly like a vesicle except greater than 0.5cm Example: second degree burn Pustulelike a vesicle except filled with pus example: acne, impetigo
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Secondary lesions Erosion: superficial loss of epidermis Crust: [...] Ulcer: deeper loss of skin surface, may bleed and scar. Scale: thin flake of exfoliated epidermis fissure: linear crack in the skin
Secondary lesions Erosion: superficial loss of epidermis Crust: dried residue of serum, pus or blood Ulcer: deeper loss of skin surface, may bleed and scar. Scale: thin flake of exfoliated epidermis fissure: linear crack in the skin
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Secondary lesions Erosion: superficial loss of epidermis Crust: dried residue of serum, pus or blood Ulcer: [...] Scale: thin flake of exfoliated epidermis fissure: linear crack in the skin
Secondary lesions Erosion: superficial loss of epidermis Crust: dried residue of serum, pus or blood Ulcer: deeper loss of skin surface, may bleed and scar. Scale: thin flake of exfoliated epidermis fissure: linear crack in the skin
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Secondary lesions Erosion: superficial loss of epidermis Crust: dried residue of serum, pus or blood Ulcer: deeper loss of skin surface, may bleed and scar. Scale: [...] fissure: linear crack in the skin
Secondary lesions Erosion: superficial loss of epidermis Crust: dried residue of serum, pus or blood Ulcer: deeper loss of skin surface, may bleed and scar. Scale: thin flake of exfoliated epidermis fissure: linear crack in the skin
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Four phases of Wound Healing (just the names of the phases) [...]
Four phases of Wound Healing (just the names of the phases) Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
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Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase [...] Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
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Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) [...] Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
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Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) [...]
Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
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Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) [...] Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
Four phases of Wound Healing Hemostasis (immediate) ∙Vasoconstriction ∙Platelet aggregation ∙Clot formation Inflammatory phase (up to day 3) ∙Vasodilation ∙Phagocytosis Proliferative phase ∙Partial-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Epithelialization ∙Full-thickness (day 4 ‚Äì day 21) ∙Granulation tissue ∙Contracture Maturation (21 days to 2 years) ∙Full-thickness only
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what phase of wound healing is happening two days after a wound occured? [...] what phase of wound healing is happening 16 days after wound occurred? proliferative phase
what phase of wound healing is happening two days after a wound occured? inflammatory phase what phase of wound healing is happening 16 days after wound occurred? proliferative phase
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what phase of wound healing is happening two days after a wound occured? inflammatory phase what phase of wound healing is happening 16 days after wound occurred? [...]
what phase of wound healing is happening two days after a wound occured? inflammatory phase what phase of wound healing is happening 16 days after wound occurred? proliferative phase
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what does brown and yellow on a wound indicate? [...]
what does brown and yellow on a wound indicate? that the wound isn't healing properly
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what does eptheliazation look like? [...]
what does eptheliazation look like? pink formation of new skin
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what type of creams are used to prevent ulcers? [...]
what type of creams are used to prevent ulcers? petroleum based products and products with zinc, and VIT ADorE
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Which type(s) of wound healing (primary, secondy and or tertiary) has increased risk of infection and scarring? [...]
Which type(s) of wound healing (primary, secondy and or tertiary) has increased risk of infection and scarring? secondary and tertiary
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what is primary intention wound healing?
closing a wound with staples or stitches
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what is secondary intention wound healing?
Leaving open an irregular wound open to air so that it can heal on its own .
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what is tertiary intention wound healing?
when a provider allows a wound to heal partially before closing with sutures
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3 tips on how to apply elastic wraps, bandages and stretch netting [...]
3 tips on how to apply elastic wraps, bandages and stretch netting apply distal to proximal, ensure it's not too tight, check distal circulation
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indications for using cyanoacrylate glue for wound healing [...]
indications for using cyanoacrylate glue for wound healing use on a part of the body that doesn't experience tension or stretching
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what is dehiscene: [...]
what is dehiscene: wound opens up
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what factors do we document about a wound: [...]
what factors do we document about a wound: undermining or tunneling drainage and output if connected to a drain type and classifactoin (ie stage III) location size base (what base looks like and how far down it goes) infection or pain
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Types of drains: (3), suction or not [...]
Types of drains: (3), suction or not Penrose: no suction Hemovac: suction present, bloody Jackson Pratt: gentle suction
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Who should assess the wound first, [...]
Who should assess the wound first, wound ostomy care nurse
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can you remove a surgical dressing? [...]
can you remove a surgical dressing? no, only a surgeon can remove a surgical dressing
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alginate dressings, when do you use ?
use in wounds with a lot of exudate
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•Hydrocolloids
- maintains granulating wound bed ∙Water-resistant gel-like wafer dressing - helps lock in moisture
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Indications for foam dressings
Partial and full-thickness with small to moderate drainage
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what are Hydrofiber dressings good for?
Very absorptive
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hydrogel dressings
Assist in autolytic debridement of necrotic tissue in full-thickness wound
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which type of dressing needs a doctors order?
silver dressing
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when do you pick or fill a wound?
when a wound is deep or tunneling/undermining are present
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Types of Debridement (4)
‚Ä¢Surgical non nurses Use tools to remove debris ∙Enzymatic Place chemical product on wound ∙Autolytic Occlusive or hydrogel Debris gets eroded then irrigated out with saline ∙Mechanical Wet-to-dry dressing
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What kind of diet for wound healing?
Vit ACE, protein carbs and fats, arginine
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problematic meds for wound healing
anticoagulants, corticosteroids
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Sensory perception is Facilitated by the [...]
Sensory perception is Facilitated by the reticular activating system (RAS)
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when are people able to first use sense for safety? [...]
when are people able to first use sense for safety? in adolescence
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alcohol dulls your sense of [...]
alcohol dulls your sense of touch
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diabetes can effect your senses of [...]
diabetes can effect your senses of touch and vision
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SELECT ALL THAT APPLY what is associated with sensory overload? [...] what is associated with sensory depression? depression delusions hallucinations confusion
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY what is associated with sensory overload? insomnia anxiety decreased concentration restlessness what is associated with sensory depression? depression delusions hallucinations confusion
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SELECT ALL THAT APPLY what is associated with sensory overload? insomnia anxiety decreased concentration restlessness what is associated with sensory depression? [...]
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY what is associated with sensory overload? insomnia anxiety decreased concentration restlessness what is associated with sensory depression? depression delusions hallucinations confusion
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sensory test with sense [...] : snellen chart [...] weber and rinne tuning fork test taste: lemon, salt, sugar [...] : two point discrimination stereogenesis
sensory test with sense vision : snellen chart hearing: weber and rinne tuning fork test taste: lemon, salt, sugar somatic sensation: : two point discrimination stereogenesis
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sensory test with sense vision : [...] hearing: [...] taste: lemon, salt, sugar somatic sensation: : [...]
sensory test with sense vision : snellen chart hearing: weber and rinne tuning fork test taste: lemon, salt, sugar somatic sensation: : two point discrimination stereogenesis
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how would you help a visually impaired person with ambulation? [...]
how would you help a visually impaired person with ambulation? leave dominant hand free to test environment, stand on non domninant side so they can get support from you on that side
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Superficial vs systemic fungal infections systemic fungal infections: example : [...] where? [...] generally treated with? [...]
Superficial vs systemic fungal infections systemic fungal infections: example : candidasis of the esophagus where? internal organs, lungs brain, digestive organs generally treated with? pills or IV medication
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which test determines SpO2? [...]
which test determines SpO2? pulse oximeter
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what is pao2? [...]
what is pao2? partial pressure of oxygen in the blood
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NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: [...] Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
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NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: [...] CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
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NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: [...]
NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
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NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : [...] Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
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NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: [...] Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS DIFFERENT ILLNESSES renal disease : RESTRICT intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids . (PPFS) Liver disease: RESTRICT sodium, INCREASE protein CHF: Restrict sodium and calories Coronary artery disease: restrict intake of sodium calories and fats Burns: increase intake of calories, proteins, vitamin C, B complex
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cold or hot treatment? low back pain, muscle spasms menstraul cramps, contractures, arthritis, [...]
cold or hot treatment? low back pain, muscle spasms menstraul cramps, contractures, arthritis, hot
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cold or hot treatment: sports injury/ muscle strain [...]
cold or hot treatment: sports injury/ muscle strain cold
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cold or hot treatment? fractures, trauma and superficial lacerations[...]
cold or hot treatment? fractures, trauma and superficial lacerationscold
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cold or hot treatment? surgical wounds and infected wounds [...]
cold or hot treatment? surgical wounds and infected wounds hot
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type of fire extinguishers flammable liquids : CO2, multipurpose dry chemical electrical fires: [...] combustible metals: special dry powder
type of fire extinguishers flammable liquids : CO2, multipurpose dry chemical electrical fires: CO2, Multipuprose dry chemical, Liquified gas combustible metals: special dry powder
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type of fire extinguishers flammable liquids : [...] electrical fires: CO2, Multipuprose dry chemical, Liquified gas combustible metals: special dry powder
type of fire extinguishers flammable liquids : CO2, multipurpose dry chemical electrical fires: CO2, Multipuprose dry chemical, Liquified gas combustible metals: special dry powder
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type of fire extinguishers flammable liquids : CO2, multipurpose dry chemical electrical fires: CO2, Multipuprose dry chemical, Liquified gas combustible metals: [...]
type of fire extinguishers flammable liquids : CO2, multipurpose dry chemical electrical fires: CO2, Multipuprose dry chemical, Liquified gas combustible metals: special dry powder
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what normal hygiene habits to avoid on neutropenic precautions? [...]
what normal hygiene habits to avoid on neutropenic precautions? flossing, razors... anything that could result in a bleed and bacteremia
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mild hypoxemia is classified as? [...]
mild hypoxemia is classified as? 60-80 mmhg
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woven gauze pupose: [...]
woven gauze pupose: absorbs exudate from the wound
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collagens serve to [...]
collagens serve to help stop qound bleeding and promote healing
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transparent dressing is ideal for [...]
transparent dressing is ideal for small, superficial wounds
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hydrogels purpose: [...]
hydrogels purpose: -promote autolytic debridement - for infected, deep or necrotic wounds - NOT for heavily or moderately draining wounds - decrease pain - rehydrates and fills dead space.
