Fecal Elimination Flashcards
Duodenocolic reflex
The feeling of having to poop, develops around 22 months
Meconium
First feces of a newborn
Cause of black, tarry stool
Upper GI blood
Cause of reddish brown or maroon blood
Lower GI blood
Cause of clay colored stool
Bilirubin obstruction, liver issues
Cause of yellow green stool
High fat content
Valsalva maneuver
- Take a deep breath against a closed glottis, contract abdominal maneuver, contract pelvic floor muscles
- Hold nose and blow forcefully through nose
- Coughing
Effects of Valsalva maneuver
dizziness, unclog ears, lower blood pressure, reset heart rhythm
Constipation or diarrhea
Opioids cause…
constipation
Constipation or diarrhea
Antibiotics cause…
diarrhea
Colon is diverted through a stoma
colostomy
When ileum is diverted through a stoma
Ileostomy
Two types of pouches that can be used on colostomy
J pouch, Kock
Normal stoma assessment findings
Bright, beefy red and present on the abdominal surface
Abnormal stoma assessment findings
- Dusky or bluish tint can indicate inadequate circulation
- Stoma retracting feces can enter abdominal cavity and cause peritonitis
When should an ostomy pouch be emptied
1/4 to 1/3 full
What do you rinse an ostomy pouch with after emptying?
clean, warm tap water (60 mL syringe works well)
What to do if fecal contents leak around where the ostomy pouch is attached to the skin?
Entire bag must be removed and replaced
How long do you have to listen to confirm bowel sounds are absent?
1-2 minutes per quadrant (5 minutes total)
How often are normal bowel sounds heard?
5-15 seconds apart
Bowels are [hyper/hypo]active after surgery
hypoactive
Several days of constipation followed by an involuntary loose bowel movement that does not relieve feeling of bloating or fullness
fecal impaction
Diarrhea has [hyper/hypo]active gastric motility and [hyper/hypo]active bowel sounds
hyper/hyper
cause of fecal incontinence
neurological injury, spinal cord injury, altered mental status
