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Foundations of Nursing > Fecal Elimination > Flashcards

Fecal Elimination Flashcards

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1
Q

Duodenocolic reflex

A

The feeling of having to poop, develops around 22 months

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2
Q

Meconium

A

First feces of a newborn

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3
Q

Cause of black, tarry stool

A

Upper GI blood

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4
Q

Cause of reddish brown or maroon blood

A

Lower GI blood

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5
Q

Cause of clay colored stool

A

Bilirubin obstruction, liver issues

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6
Q

Cause of yellow green stool

A

High fat content

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7
Q

Valsalva maneuver

A
  • Take a deep breath against a closed glottis, contract abdominal maneuver, contract pelvic floor muscles
  • Hold nose and blow forcefully through nose
  • Coughing
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8
Q

Effects of Valsalva maneuver

A

dizziness, unclog ears, lower blood pressure, reset heart rhythm

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9
Q

Constipation or diarrhea

Opioids cause…

A

constipation

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10
Q

Constipation or diarrhea

Antibiotics cause…

A

diarrhea

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11
Q

Colon is diverted through a stoma

A

colostomy

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12
Q

When ileum is diverted through a stoma

A

Ileostomy

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13
Q

Two types of pouches that can be used on colostomy

A

J pouch, Kock

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14
Q

Normal stoma assessment findings

A

Bright, beefy red and present on the abdominal surface

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15
Q

Abnormal stoma assessment findings

A
  • Dusky or bluish tint can indicate inadequate circulation

- Stoma retracting feces can enter abdominal cavity and cause peritonitis

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16
Q

When should an ostomy pouch be emptied

A

1/4 to 1/3 full

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17
Q

What do you rinse an ostomy pouch with after emptying?

A

clean, warm tap water (60 mL syringe works well)

18
Q

What to do if fecal contents leak around where the ostomy pouch is attached to the skin?

A

Entire bag must be removed and replaced

19
Q

How long do you have to listen to confirm bowel sounds are absent?

A

1-2 minutes per quadrant (5 minutes total)

20
Q

How often are normal bowel sounds heard?

A

5-15 seconds apart

21
Q

Bowels are [hyper/hypo]active after surgery

A

hypoactive

22
Q

Several days of constipation followed by an involuntary loose bowel movement that does not relieve feeling of bloating or fullness

A

fecal impaction

23
Q

Diarrhea has [hyper/hypo]active gastric motility and [hyper/hypo]active bowel sounds

A

hyper/hyper

24
Q

cause of fecal incontinence

A

neurological injury, spinal cord injury, altered mental status

25
Q

Post surgery, many patients will experience this when they ambulate

A

flatulence

26
Q

What kind of foods can increase flatulence

A

high-fiber (introduce a person gradually into a new diet high in fiber)

27
Q

Distention is a [normal/abnormal] finding

A

abnormal – requires follow up

28
Q

What type of bowel activity could lead to an order for a stool specimen and culture?

A

Diarrhea or altered color

29
Q

Barium GI imaging can lead to what after the test?

A

Constipation, white appearance (increase fluids and administer a laxative)

30
Q

Pre-test considerations for barium imaging

A

Bowel prep: Remove stool from bowels with laxative or enema

31
Q

Upper GI test

A

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD

32
Q

Lower GI tests

A

Sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy (preferred)

33
Q

laxative type

hydrophilic, nonabsorbable fibers attract water into the large intestine

A

bulk

34
Q

Loperamide and bismuth subsalicylate are examples of….

A

antidiarrheals

35
Q

Indication for fecal microbiota transplant

A

used for persistent c diff

36
Q

Bowel training

A

Routine developed around a specific time of day to achieve soft stool consistency, used for individuals with neurological impairment

37
Q

Types of enema

A

small-volume: mineral oil and steroids
large-volume: tap water or saline
return-flow: removes flatus

38
Q

Indication for an enema

A

Promote bowel movement, clear bowel area before a procedure

39
Q

NG tube insertion indications

A

Nasogastric decompression, gastric lavage, gastric feeding

40
Q

How to confirm placement of NG tube

A

X-ray

Foundations of Nursing (22 decks)

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