Superficial and Deep Neck (S2 E3) Flashcards
what are the 4 main regions of the neck structures
sternocleidomastoid, posterior cervical region, lateral cervical/posterior triangle, anterior cervical/anterior triangle
what is the nerve innervation of the cutaneous and superficial muscles of the neck
spinal accessory nerve
what are the functions of the sternocleidomastoid
lateral flexion with rotation, extension at atlanto-occipital joints, and flexion of cervical spine
define fibromatosis colli form of torticollis
fibrous tissue accumulates in muscle; most common in neonates
define muscular torticollis
“wry neck”; can be congenital-infants; birth traumas-infants; muscular or nerve injury
define erb’s point
nerve point of neck. this is where all of the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus arise
what is “a loop of nerves from the cervical plexus that carry somatosensory innervation to most of the infra hyoid muscles in the neck
ansas cervicalis
what does the mylohyoid do
elevates hyoid and tongue
what does the geniohyoid muscle do
shortens mouth floor
what do the digastric do
depress mandible, steady hyoid
what does omohyoid do
depress and steady hyoid
what does the sternohyoid do
depress and steady hyoid, depress larynx
what does the thyrohyoid do
depress hyoid and elevate larynx
what does the longus colli muscle do
flex nect, rotate opposite unilaterally
what do the longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, and anterior scalene do
flex the neck
what does the rectus capitis lateralis do
flex and stabilize head
what does the splenius capitis do
laterally flex and rotate head to same side, bilaterally extend head
what nerve is associated most with the anterior scalene muscle
phrenic nerve
what skeletal structures arise from the 4th and 6th arch
thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilage
what is located between the vestibular fold and the vocal fold
ventricle
define rima glottidis
the opening between the true vocal cords and arytenoid cartilages
what is the action of the cricothyroid muscle
stretch and tense vocal ligament
what is the action of the thyro-arytenoid
relaxes vocal ligament (medial part is vocals m)
what is the action of the posterior crico-arytenoid
abducts vocal ligament (opens r.g)
what is the action of the lateral crico-arytenoid
adducts vocal folds (closes r.g)
what is the action of the transverse and oblique arytenoids
adduct arytenoid cartilages (closes r.g)
what is the action of the vocalis
relaxes posterior vocal ligament while maintaining tension of anterior part
what does the interior branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provide
sensory to glottis and laryngeal vestibule and vocal folds)
what does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provide
motor to cricothyroid muscle
what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of the superior laryngeal nerve do
provides motor to all other laryngeal muscles and sensory to the sub glottis
