Superficial and Deep Neck (S2 E3)

Question 1

what are the 4 main regions of the neck structures

Answer 1

sternocleidomastoid, posterior cervical region, lateral cervical/posterior triangle, anterior cervical/anterior triangle

Question 2

what is the nerve innervation of the cutaneous and superficial muscles of the neck

Answer 2

spinal accessory nerve

Question 3

what are the functions of the sternocleidomastoid

Answer 3

lateral flexion with rotation, extension at atlanto-occipital joints, and flexion of cervical spine

Question 4

define fibromatosis colli form of torticollis

Answer 4

fibrous tissue accumulates in muscle; most common in neonates

Question 5

define muscular torticollis

Answer 5

“wry neck”; can be congenital-infants; birth traumas-infants; muscular or nerve injury

Question 6

define erb’s point

Answer 6

nerve point of neck. this is where all of the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus arise

Question 7

what is “a loop of nerves from the cervical plexus that carry somatosensory innervation to most of the infra hyoid muscles in the neck

Answer 7

ansas cervicalis

Question 8

what does the mylohyoid do

Answer 8

elevates hyoid and tongue

Question 9

what does the geniohyoid muscle do

Answer 9

shortens mouth floor

Question 10

what do the digastric do

Answer 10

depress mandible, steady hyoid

Question 11

what does omohyoid do

Answer 11

depress and steady hyoid

Question 12

what does the sternohyoid do

Answer 12

depress and steady hyoid, depress larynx

Question 13

what does the thyrohyoid do

Answer 13

depress hyoid and elevate larynx

Question 14

what does the longus colli muscle do

Answer 14

flex nect, rotate opposite unilaterally

Question 15

what do the longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, and anterior scalene do

Answer 15

flex the neck

Question 16

what does the rectus capitis lateralis do

Answer 16

flex and stabilize head

Question 17

what does the splenius capitis do

Answer 17

laterally flex and rotate head to same side, bilaterally extend head

Question 18

what nerve is associated most with the anterior scalene muscle

Answer 18

phrenic nerve

Question 19

what skeletal structures arise from the 4th and 6th arch

Answer 19

thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilage

Question 20

what is located between the vestibular fold and the vocal fold

Answer 20

ventricle

Question 21

define rima glottidis

Answer 21

the opening between the true vocal cords and arytenoid cartilages

Question 22

what is the action of the cricothyroid muscle

Answer 22

stretch and tense vocal ligament

Question 23

what is the action of the thyro-arytenoid

Answer 23

relaxes vocal ligament (medial part is vocals m)

Question 24

what is the action of the posterior crico-arytenoid

Answer 24

abducts vocal ligament (opens r.g)

Question 25

what is the action of the lateral crico-arytenoid

Answer 25

adducts vocal folds (closes r.g)

Question 26

what is the action of the transverse and oblique arytenoids

Answer 26

adduct arytenoid cartilages (closes r.g)

Question 27

what is the action of the vocalis

Answer 27

relaxes posterior vocal ligament while maintaining tension of anterior part

Question 28

what does the interior branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provide

Answer 28

sensory to glottis and laryngeal vestibule and vocal folds)

Question 29

what does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provide

Answer 29

motor to cricothyroid muscle

Question 30

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of the superior laryngeal nerve do

Answer 30

provides motor to all other laryngeal muscles and sensory to the sub glottis