Autonomic Flashcards
where does the sympathetic plexuses range from
from spinal cord via sympathetic trunk
where does the parasympathetic plexuses
from cranial and caudal repositories
what are the autonomic plexuses
cardiac, pulmonary, esophageal, abdominal aortic, hypogastric
what sympathetic/parasympathetic activity occurs in cardiac plexuses
increased sympathetic activity increases heart rate and blood pressure, while increased parasympathetic activity decreases heart rate
what sympathetic/parasympathetic activity occurs in the pulmonary plexuses
parasympathetic pathway causes bronchoconstriction and increased secretion from mucous glands of the bronchial tree. Sympathetic innervation causes bronchodilation
what parasympathetic activity occurs in the esophageal plexus
parasympathetic axons control the swallowing reflex
what does the abdominal aortic plexuses consist of
celiac plexus, superior mesenteric plexus, and inferior mesenteric plexus=autonomic control of digestion
What does the hypogastric plexus innervate
pelvic viscera= autonomic control of urinary and reproductive function
what 2 neurotransmitters are used in the ANS
acetylcholine and Norepinephrine
what are neurotransmitters released by
presynaptic cell
what axons in the parasympathetic division of the ANS released acetylcholine
both preganglionic and postganglionic
what axons in the sympathetic division of the ANS release acetylcholine
preganglionic
what is autonomic function influenced
cerebrum, hypothalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord
what does the cerebrum do
conscious activities in the cerebrum affect hypothalamus control of the ANS
what is hypothalamus involved in
integration and command center for autonomic (visceral) functions
where are the sympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies housed
lateral horn of the T1-L2 regions of the spinal cord
what are splanchnic nerves composed of
preganglionic sympathetic axons
what are the 5 sympathetic large splanchnic nerves
greater thoracic lesser thoracic least thoracic splanchnic lumbar sacral
where do splanchnic nerves terminate
prevertebral (or collateral) ganglia
what is another name for the parasympathetic division
craniosacral division
what is the parasympathetic division primarily concerned with
conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores
what is a nick name for the parasympathetic division
rest and digest division
what 4 cranial nerves are associated with the parasympathetic division
oculomotor (3), facial (7), glossopharyngeal (9) and vagus (10)
what do the CN 3, 7, and 9 convey
parasympathetic innervation to the head
what is the vagus nerve the source of
parasympathetic stimulation for the thoracic and most abdominal organs
what are the associated ganglion and parasympathetic activity with CN 3
ciliary gangion
pupil constriction
ciliary muscles of lens for accommodation (near vision/reading)
what are the associated ganglion and parasympathetic activity with CN 7
pterygopalatine ganglion (lacrimal gland-tear production, nasal cavity-mucous production, oral cavity-saliva/mucous production)
submandibular ganglion (submandibular and sublingual glands-saliva production)
what are the associated ganglion and parasympathetic activity with CN 9
otic ganglion parotid gland (saliva production)
what is the caudal contribution of parasympathetic: via pelvic splanchnic nerves
distal portion of large intestine rectum most reproductive organs urinary bladder distal ureters erection
