Deep face (S2 E3) Flashcards
what is the major vascular structure dealing with deep face
maxillary artery
define the temporal fossa
space found superior to zygomatic arch
what is the lateral boundary of the infra temporal fossa
ramus of mandible
what is the anterior border of the infra temporal fossa
maxilla
what is the medial border of the infra temporal fossa
lateral pterygoid plate
what is the roof of the infra temporal fossa
sphenoid
what is the posterior border of the infra temporal fossa
tympanic plate and mastoid and styloid processes
what is the inferior border of the infra temporal fossa
angle of mandible
what fossa are the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles located
infratemporal
what nervous structures are found in the infra temporal fossa
inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal, chorda tympani, otic ganglion
what does the nerve to the myohyoid come of off
inferior alveolar
what are the muscles of mastication innervated by
trigeminal nerve
what are the paired muscles of mastication
temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoids, medial pterygoids
what nerve innervates the buccinator and the orbicularis oris
CN VII
what does the medial pterygoid muscle do
elevates and protracts the mandible
what opens the mandible
gravity, anterior digastric, lateral pterygoid (inferior part)
what is the action of the temporal is muscle
elevates and retracts mandible
what is the action of the masseter muscle
elevates and protracts mandible; primer mover of jaw closure
what is the action of the lateral pterygoid muscle
protracts mandible; produces side-to-side movement of mandible
what muscles elevate the temporomandibular joint
temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoids
what muscles depress the temporomandibular joint
lateral pterygoids, supra hyoid and infrahyoid muscles
what muscles are involved in protrusion of the temporomandibular joint
lateral pterygoids, masseter, medial pterygoids
what muscles are involved in retrusion of the temporomandibular joint
temporalis and masseter
what muscles are involved in the lateral movements of the temporomandibular joint
ipsilateral temporalis, contralateral pterygoids, masseter
where do the genioglossus muscles originate and what do the do
originate on mandible and protract tongue
what do the left and right styloglossus muscles do and where do they originate
originate on styloid processes of temporal bone. elevate and retract the tongue (pull the tongue back into mouth)
where do the hypoglossus muscles originate and what do they do
originate at the hyoid bone (depress and retract tongue)
where do the palatoglossus muscles originate and what do they do
originate on soft palate (elevate posterior portion of tongue)
what innervates the stylopharyngeus
CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) via branches of the pharyngeal plexus
what innervates the tensor veil palatini
CN V3 (trigeminal nerve, mandibular division)
what are the majority of the muscles of the pharynx innervated by
CN X
what innervates the genioglossus, styloglossus, and hypoglossus
CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
what is the only muscle that moves the tongue that is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve
palatoglossus (innervated by CN X)
what is the anterior border of the pterygopalatine fossa
maxillary tuberosity
what is the posterior border of the pterygopalatine fossa
pterygoid process of sphenoid (lateral plate)
what is the medial border of the pterygopalatine fossa
perpendicular plate of palatine bone
what is the lateral border of the pterygopalatine fossa
opens into infra temporal fossa via pterygomaxillary fissure
what is the roof of the pterygopalatine fossa
(incomplete) greater wing of sphenoid
what is the floor of the pterygopalatine fossa
pyramidal process of palatine bone
what does the superior opening of the pterygopalatine fossa open into
inferior orbital fissure
what does the inferior opening of the pterygopalatine fossa open into
closed except for palatine foramen (allows palatine to come in superiorly)
what are the contents of the pterygopalatine fossa
maxillary nerve, pterygopalatine ganglion, 3rd part of maxillary artery
what is the main nerve supplying to the pterygopalatine fossa
CN V2 (maxillary)
what are the parasympathetic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion from
facial nerve via greater petrosal nerve
what 2 nerves join together to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal
greater and deep petrosal nerves
what does the deep petrosal nerve arise from
internal carotid plexus
where are the presynaptic parasympathetic fibers from
superior cervical ganglion
what arteries arise from the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery
messeteric, deep temporal, pterygoid branches, buccal artery
what is the nasal mostly lined with
nasal mucosa
what is the roof of the nasal cavity
frontal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone
what is the floor of the nasal cavity
palatine process of maxilla, horizontal plate of palatine bone
what is the medial wall of the nasal cavity
nasal septum
what is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity
superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchae
what is the opening of the sphenoid sinus
spheno-ethmoidal recess
what is the opening of the ethmoidal sinuses
superior nasal meatus
what is the opening of the frontal sinus
middle nasal meatus
where does the maxillary sinus open into
middle nasal meatus in posterior part of semilunar hiatus at the maxillary ostium
what is the opening of the nasolacrimal duct
inferior nasal meatus
what is the area where all five arteries that supply the nasal cavity come together
Kiesselbach area
what is the nerve supply to the nasal cavity
vial opthalmic division of trigeminal and maxillary division of trigeminal
what is the nerve supply to the posterior 2/3 of the nasal cavity
V2 via nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine nerve
what is the nerve supply to the anterior superior nasal mucosa of the septum and lateral wall
V1 via the anterior ethmoidal nerves
what is the innervation of the maxillary sinus
superior alveolar nerve branches
what is the innervation of the ethmoid sinus
nasociliar nerves
what is the innervation of the sphenoid sinus
posterior ethmoidal nerve
what is the innervation of the frontal sinus
supraorbital nerves
what is the roof of the middle ear
tegmental wall
what is the floor of the middle ear
jugular wall
what is the lateral border of the middle ear
membraneous wall
what is the medial border of the middle ear
labrynthine wall
what is the anterior border of the middle ear
carotid wall
what is the posterior border of the middle ear
mastoid wall
