SULFONAMIDES Flashcards
Why is folic acid important
essential for formation of RNA, DNA, and certain amino acids
do folate derivatives reach bacteria
no
bacteria rely on the de novo synthesis of folic acid
moa of sulfonamides
bacteria need dihydropteroate synthetase to create dihydrofolic acid from PABA, sulfonamides are synthetic analog of PABA, AND compete with PABA to inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase.
bacteriostatic or bactericidal
bacteriostatic
oral or iv
oral except sulfasalazine that is given IV and reserved for treatment of IBD
Which sulfonamide can be applied topically
sulfadiazine and mafenide acetate
sulfadiazine and mafenide acetate
what is their use topically
use for burn pts to prevent sepsis by preventing bacterial colonization
sulfadiazine and mafenide acetate
which is more toxic
mafenide acetate– absorbed from site of application and cause metabolic acidosis
which sulfonamide is used for IBD
sulfasalzine used for IBD(UC AND CROHNS)
Which sulfonamide is used in a combo and for what purpose
SULFADIAZINE + PYRIMETHAMINE— for TOXOPLASMOSIS
SULFAMETHOXAZOLE + TRIMETHOPRIM— for pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, Nocardiosis
which protein is sulfonamide bound to
albumin
which cyp system is inhibited by sulfonamide
CYP2C9
Metabolism
acetylated and conjugated in liver
what happens to the acetylated product
not antimicrobial but toxic causes crystalluria(stone formation)— casues damage to kidneys
excretion
acetylated and unchanged drug exc in URINE
