CEPHALOSPORINS

Question 1

Cephalosporins are closely related to which antibiotics

Answer 1

penicillins

Question 2

how are cephalosporins produced

Answer 2

by the addition of 7 amino cephalosporanic acid to the penicillins

Question 3

first gen cephalosporins act as

Answer 3

pen G substitutes

Question 4

are the 1st gen cephalosporins resistant to staph penicillanase

Answer 4

yes thats why they act on MSSA

Question 5

WHAT OTHER ORGANISMS DO 1ST GEN WORKS ON

Answer 5

PROTEUS MIRABILIS
E coli
K Pneumonia
P EC K

Question 6

2ND GEN CEPHALOSPORINS HAVE ACTIVITY AGAINST WHAT MICRO ORGANISMS

Answer 6

P EC K
and also on some other gram - organsims that are
H influenza
Enterobacter aerogenes
Neisserha
making the whole acronym to HEN P EC K

Question 7

is 2nd gen cephalosporins stronger against gram + or gram -

Answer 7

gram -

Question 8

which cephalosporins drugs are commercially available to treat against B fragilis

Answer 8

Cephamycin
Cefoxitin

Question 9

3rd gen activity against gram + and gram -

Answer 9

↓ G+ve, ↑G-ve

Question 10

drug of choice in Meningitis

Answer 10

Ceftriaxone(3rd gen)

Question 11

what is ceftazidine(3rd gen) used for

Answer 11

it is used for Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 12

what is ceftazidime(3rd gen) used for

Answer 12

it is used for Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 13

4th gen cephalosporins are

Answer 13

Wide spectrum

Question 14

route of adm of 4th gen

Answer 14

parentral

Question 15

what is the drug that is included in 4th gen

Answer 15

Cefepime

Question 16

drugs that are included in 2nd gen

Answer 16

Cefoxitin
cephamycin
cefaclor

Question 17

drugs that are included in 1st gen

Answer 17

Cefadroxil
Cefazolin
Cephalexin

Question 18

drugs that are included in 3rd gen

Answer 18

ceftriaxone
ceftazidime
cefotaxime

Question 19

adrs of cephalosporins

Answer 19

1) hypersensitivity especially with patients sensitive to penicillins.
2) Disulfiram like effects

Question 20

which pts shouldnt receive cephalosporins

Answer 20

steven johnsons syndrome
toxic epidermal necrosis
penicillin allergy(avoided or used with caution)

Question 21

elimination of cephalosporins

Answer 21

via kidney

Question 22

uses of cephalosporins

Answer 22

Uses: as penicillins.
**Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime →CSF→ Meningitis caused by H. influenza.
Ceftriaxone is used in renal failure.
**Cefazolin→ prior to surgery, penetrates bone