Stroke by anatomy Flashcards
If the anterior cerebral artery is affected, how would a patient present?
Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss
Lower extremity > upper
Are the eyes affected in someione with an anterior cerebral artery stroke?
No
If the middle cerebral artery is affected, how would a patient present?
Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss
Upper extremity > lower
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Aphasia
What presentations would you get in someone with a midle cerebral artery stroke rather than an anterior cerebral artery stroke?
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Aphasia
If the posterior cerebral artery is affected, how would a patient present?
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing
Visual agnosia
What is visual agnosia?
A condition in which a person can see but cannot recognize or interpret visual information
If the basilar artery is affected, how would a patient present?
Locked in syndrome
If teh Posterior inferior cerebellar artery was affected, how might the patient present?
Ipsilateral: facial pain and temperature loss
Contralateral: limb/torso pain and temperature loss
Ataxia, nystagmus
If the Anterior inferior cerebellar artery was affected, how might the patient present?
Ipsilateral: facial pain and temperature loss
Contralateral: limb/torso pain and temperature loss
Ataxia, nystagmus
Ipsilateral: facial paralysis and deafness
What does a total anterior circulatory stroke (TACS) involve?
The anterior and middle cerebral artery
What does a Partial anterior circulatory stroke involve (PACS)?
smaller arteries of anterior circulation
How can Weber’s syndrome present?
Ipsilateral III palsy
Contralateral weakness
How are strokes classified?
Oxford classification of stroke
What 3 criteria are strokes classified based on?
- unilateral hemiparesis and/or hemisensory loss of the face, arm & leg
- homonymous hemianopia
- higher cognitive dysfunction e.g. dysphasia
What does a total anterior cirulatory stroke involve?
All 3 of the above criteria are present
Which arteries are affected in a TACS?
Middle and anterior cerebral arteries
Which arteries are affected in a PACS?
Smaller arteries of anterior circulation e.g. upper or lower division of middle cerebral artery
How many of the criteria are required for the diagnosis of a PACS?
2 of the above criteria
Which arteries are affected in a LACS?
Perforating arteries around the internal capsule, thalamus and basal ganglia
How does a LAC involve?
With 1 of the following:
1. unilateral weakness (and/or sensory deficit) of face and arm, arm and leg or all three.
2. pure sensory stroke.
3. ataxic hemiparesis
Which arteries are affected in a POCS?
Vertebrobasilar arteries
How does a POCs present?
With one of the following:
1. cerebellar or brainstem syndromes
2. loss of consciousness
3. isolated homonymous hemianopia
