Stroke by anatomy

Question 1

If the anterior cerebral artery is affected, how would a patient present?

Answer 1

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss
Lower extremity > upper

Question 2

Are the eyes affected in someione with an anterior cerebral artery stroke?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

If the middle cerebral artery is affected, how would a patient present?

Answer 3

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss
Upper extremity > lower
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Aphasia

Question 4

What presentations would you get in someone with a midle cerebral artery stroke rather than an anterior cerebral artery stroke?

Answer 4

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Aphasia

Question 5

If the posterior cerebral artery is affected, how would a patient present?

Answer 5

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing
Visual agnosia

Question 6

What is visual agnosia?

Answer 6

A condition in which a person can see but cannot recognize or interpret visual information

Question 7

If the basilar artery is affected, how would a patient present?

Answer 7

Locked in syndrome

Question 8

If teh Posterior inferior cerebellar artery was affected, how might the patient present?

Answer 8

Ipsilateral: facial pain and temperature loss
Contralateral: limb/torso pain and temperature loss
Ataxia, nystagmus

Question 9

If the Anterior inferior cerebellar artery was affected, how might the patient present?

Answer 9

Ipsilateral: facial pain and temperature loss
Contralateral: limb/torso pain and temperature loss
Ataxia, nystagmus
Ipsilateral: facial paralysis and deafness

Question 10

What does a total anterior circulatory stroke (TACS) involve?

Answer 10

The anterior and middle cerebral artery

Question 11

What does a Partial anterior circulatory stroke involve (PACS)?

Answer 11

smaller arteries of anterior circulation

Question 12

How can Weber’s syndrome present?

Answer 12

Ipsilateral III palsy
Contralateral weakness

Question 13

How are strokes classified?

Answer 13

Oxford classification of stroke

Question 14

What 3 criteria are strokes classified based on?

Answer 14

1. unilateral hemiparesis and/or hemisensory loss of the face, arm & leg
2. homonymous hemianopia
3. higher cognitive dysfunction e.g. dysphasia

Question 15

What does a total anterior cirulatory stroke involve?

Answer 15

All 3 of the above criteria are present

Question 16

Which arteries are affected in a TACS?

Answer 16

Middle and anterior cerebral arteries

Question 17

Which arteries are affected in a PACS?

Answer 17

Smaller arteries of anterior circulation e.g. upper or lower division of middle cerebral artery

Question 18

How many of the criteria are required for the diagnosis of a PACS?

Answer 18

2 of the above criteria

Question 19

Which arteries are affected in a LACS?

Answer 19

Perforating arteries around the internal capsule, thalamus and basal ganglia

Question 20

How does a LAC involve?

Answer 20

With 1 of the following:
1. unilateral weakness (and/or sensory deficit) of face and arm, arm and leg or all three.
2. pure sensory stroke.
3. ataxic hemiparesis

Question 21

Which arteries are affected in a POCS?

Answer 21

Vertebrobasilar arteries

Question 22

How does a POCs present?

Answer 22

With one of the following:
1. cerebellar or brainstem syndromes
2. loss of consciousness
3. isolated homonymous hemianopia