Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Flashcards
What is idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
A syndrome of unknown aetiology that results in raised intracranial pressure
In who is idiopathic intracranial hypertension most commonly seen?
Young, obese females
What is idiopathic intracranial hypertension also known as?
Pseudotumour cerebri
What are the main risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
obesity
female sex
pregnancy
drugs
What are the possible drug causes of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
combined oral contraceptive pill
steroids
tetracyclines
vitamin A
lithium
What are the main features of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
headache
blurred vision
papilloedema (usually present)
enlarged blind spot
sixth nerve palsy
How is the headache described in someone with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Non-pulsatile, bilateral, and worse in the morning
What can be seen on fundoscopy in someone with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Bilateral papilloedema
Which nerve is commonly affected by idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Sixth nerve (palsy)
What is the main management advised for idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Weight loss
What diuretic can be given in the management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Acetazolamide
What other medication might you consider giving someone with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Topiramate
Why might you give topiramate to someone with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Alters the sensitivity of nerve cells
Encourages weight loss
Why might surgery need to be considered in someone with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Optic nerve sheath decompression and fenestration may be needed to prevent damage to the optic nerve
What other surgery might be required for someone presenting with idiopathic intracranial hypertension to reduce intracranial pressure?
Lumboperitoneal or ventriculoperitoneal shunt
